HIBPlARY OF CONGRESS. # 






r - 7 — p 

I UNITED STATE^OF AMERICA. J 




CLASS BOOK 



GEOGRAPHY OF IOWA, 



COUNTY, STATE AND FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, 



EASY LESSONS BY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS, ESPECIALLY ADAPTED TO 
THE CAPACITY OF INTERMEDIATE CLASSES 



IN OUR PUBLIC SCHOOLS. 




BY J. M. ROSS, 

IPAL OF FIFTH DISTRICT SCHOOL, CINCINNATI, OHIO, FKOM 1853 TO 18C4. 



DES MOINES: 

MILLS & COMPANY, PUBLISHERS. 
1874. 






Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year one thousand eight hundred 
and seventy-four, 

By mills & COMPANY, 

In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington. 






STEREOTYPED AND PRINTED 

By mills & COMPANY, 

DES MOINES, IOWA. 



'/^C'737 



PREFACE. 




LO TEACHERS A^D SCHOOL DIRECTORS IN lOAVA: The 

want of success in teaching Geography in the Public Schools 
throughout the State has been deplored by our leading educators, and 
the MEANS for commencing this important study in a manner author- 
ized by experience and indorsed by all well informed friends of 
education, has long been looked forward to and earnestly desired. 

The nine years I have lived in Iowa, and most of the time Editor and 
Publisher of the Iowa School Journal, have brought me in close sympathy 
with the teachers of the State and given me some knowledge of the condition 
of the schools and what is needed to lift them to that higher place of acknowl- 
edged efficiency for which the State Superintendent of Public Instruction, 
the County Superintendents, the Boards of Directors, and the Teachers, are 
harmoniously lending all their energies. During more than twelve years it 
was my good fortune to be connected with the Public Schools of Cincinnati — 
before I moved to Iowa — as Principal of the Fifth District School, one of the 
largest in that city, numbering some 1,300 children. I succeeded while there 
in helping to revolutionize the manner of teaching Geography in those schools. 
The plan adopted there was so successful it has become the approved plan 
in other cities, and I have adopted it in this book. Every Teacher who is up 
with the times advocates teaching the Geography of our own State before 
launching out in the book of General Geography, but the means have been 
lacking, and this has been done only to a limited extent. Mills & Co. have met 



GEOGRAPHY OF IOWA. 



part of tliis want hy manufacturing at great expense a large, reliable Wall Map 
of Iowa, which is specially adapted to class teaching in the schools. I have 
endeavored to compass the rest of the difficulty by furnishing this Class Book 
of questions on that map, propounded in such a way that any teacher may 
so sucessfully carry out my plan that at the end of a term of three months he 
will discover that the children are possessed of more actual information than 
is generally acquired on the subject in as many years. 

In regard to Parts Second, Third and Fourth of this book, I have onl}' to 
say that I regard a knowledge of Government of the highest importance to 
the young. This subject has been shamefully neglected, but I have no doubt 
it will henceforth have a place in the daily exercises in the schools of this 
State, and I hope also in all the States. 

In conclusion, let me say that if teachers will teach it with half the 
devotion and labor that I have bestowed upon it in its preparation, a reasonable 
part of my expectations will be realized in the results that will be attained. 

J. M. KOSS. 



GEOGRAPHY OF IOWA. 



CONTENTS, 



PAKT FIRST. 



Geograi^liical Definitions 9 

Geography of your own Township and County 10 

Locating Lands by I^^umbers 12 

G«ograph}^ of Counties in Alphabetical order 14 

Population of Largest Cities 27 

Public and Charitable Institutions 27 

The Most Populous Counties 28 

Rivers of Iowa Described 28 

Railroads Described 32 

Minerals, etc 35 

PART SECOND. 

County Government 37 

PART THIRD. 

State Government 43 

PART FOURTH. 

Federal Government 53 



GEOGRAPHY OF IOWA 



PART FIRST 



LESSON I. 

What is Geography ? 

Geoy:rapliy is a description of tlie 
Earth's surface. 

What is the Earth ? 

The Earth is the pLanet on which 
we live. 

What is the shape of the Earth ? 

The Earth is round, or nearly so. 
Examples : a ball ; an apple. 

Of what is the Earth composed? 

The Earth is composed of land and 
water. 

How is the Earth represented? 

The Earth is represented by draw- 
ings showing a 23art or the whole of 
its surface. 

What are these drawings called? 

These drawings are called maj^s. 
LESSO]^^ II. 

Where are the points of the compass on a map? 

The riglit hand side is East; the 
left hand side is West; the top is 
Korth, and the bottom is South. 



Where does the Sun rise ? 

The Sun rises in the East. 

Where does the Sun set ? 

The Sun sets in the AVest. 

If you know where the Sun rises how can you 
determine the other points of the compass? 

Stretch out your riglit hand toward 
the East and your left hand in the ojjpo- 
site direction, which is West; in front 
of you will be North, and behind you 
South. 

Where is North-east ? 

North-east is a point half way 
between North and East. 

Where is North-west? 

North-west, is a point half way 
between North and West. 



Where is South-east? 

South-east is a point 
between South and East. 



half 



way 



Where is South-west ? 

South-west is a point half way 
between South and West. 



Note.— The teacher will thoroughly test the class 
by illustrations on the black-board, and then 
take the objects in the school room and deter- 
mine their direction from each other. 



lo GEOGRAPHY OF IOWA. 


LESSON III. 


What two Rivers form the western boundary of 
Iowa? 


What is a Brook? 

A Brook is a small stream of water 
flowing from a sj^ring. 


Iowa is bounded on the west by the 
Missiouri and Big Sioux rivers. 

Point them out and trace with pointer where they 
touch Iowa. 


What are Creeks and Rivulets? 


What State touches Iowa on the north? 


Creeks and Eivulets are large Brooks. 


Iowa is bounded on the north by 


What is a River? 


Minnesota. 


Wlien a number of Brooks and 


Bound Iowa on the south. 


Creeks unite in one stream it is called 


Iowa is bounded on the south by 


a Eiver. 


Missouri. 


What is the source of a River? 


How many counties are there in Iowa? 


The region where it rises. 


There are ninety-nine counties in 


What is the mouth of a River? 


Iowa. 


The place where it flows into another 


Into what is each county divided ? 


River or body of water. 


Each county is divided into civil 


What are the banks of a River? 


townships. 


The land bordering on its sides. 


Are all civil townships the same size? 


Which is the right bank of a River? 


'No. They vary according to the 


The right bank is on the right hand 


w^ll of the people. 


side when jou stand facing down the 
river. 


LESSON Y. 


Which is the left bank of a River? 

The left hand side when you stand 


Note. — Use the 7iame of your oivn county and 
township instead of "Dallas county" and 
•' Union township" in Lessons V, VI, and 


facing down the river. 


VII. 
What is a City ? 


LESSON IV. 


A large collection of houses and 
inhabitants. 


What State do you live in ? 


Wliat is a County Seat ? 


The State of Iowa. 


A place selected by the people for 


What river forms the eastern boundary of Iowa ? 


the transaction of the county business. 


Iowa is bounded on the east by the 


In what County do you live ? 


Mississippi River. 


I live in Dallas county. 



GEOGRAPHY OF IOWA 



How many Townships are there m Dallas county ? 

There are sixteen. 

Can you name them in order ? 

Des Moines, Beaver, Spring Yalley, 
Dallas, Lincoln, Wasliino-ton, Sugar 
Grove, Grant, AValnut, Adel, Colfax, 
Linn, Union, Adams, Van Meter, 
Boone. 

Bound Dallas County. 

Dallas county is bounded on the 
north by Greene and Boone counties, 
on the east by Polk county, on the 
south by Madison county, and on the 
west by Guthrie county. 

LESSON YL 

What Towns are in Dallas county ? 

Xenia, Perry, Minburn, Dallas Cen- 
ter, A¥aukee, Adel, Rediield, Dexter, 
De Soto, Wiscotta. Yan Meter, and 
Boone. 

What country Post Offices are in Dallas county ? 

Snyder and Greenvale Post Offices. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Dallas County. 

Adel, on the right bank of the 
Korth Coon river, near the center of 
the county. 

What Rivers are in Dallas county ? 

Des Moines, Raccoon, South Fork 
of Raccoon, Middle Coon, and South 
Coon rivers. 

In what Township do you live ? 

I live in Union township. 



Bound Union township. 

Union towTiship is bounded on the 
north by Linn and Colfax townships, 
on the east by Adams townshi}), on 
the south by Madison county, and on 
the west by Guthrie county. 

LESSON YIL 

Nameandpoint out allthe towns in Union Township. 

Dexter, Redtield and AViscotta. 

Locate Dexter ? 

Dexter is in the south-western part 
of Union township, on the C, R. I. & 
P. R. R. 

Locate Redfield. 

Redfield is in the northern part of 
Union township, on the left bank of 
Middle Coon River. 

What country Post Offices are in Union township ? 

There are no Post Offices in Union 
township, except in the Towns. 

In what direction do the streams flow in Union 
township ? 

In an easterly direction. 

Point out and describe the rivers in Union township. 

Middle Coon River, and South Coon 
River unite in the northern part of 
Union township, and form South Fork 
of Raccoon river, which flows easterly 
through Union township. 

Point out and describe Bear Creek. 

Bear Creek flows from "West to 
East in a meandering course across the 
southern part of Union township. 



GEOGRAPHY OF IOWA. 



LESSON YIIL 

How are Congressional townships divided? 

Into thirty-six sections. 

What is the size of a section ? 

A section is one mile square. 

How many acres are there in a section ? 

Six hundred and forty acres. 

How are the sections in a township numbered ? 

They are numbered from one to 
thirty-six, always commencing at the 
north-east corner of the township, and 
following the same order as is shown 
in Fiff. 1. 



6| 5 


4| 3| 2| 1 


7 8 


9 10ill|l2 


ISllT 


16 15 14| 13 


19|20 


2l|22|23|24 


30 29 


28|2T!26|25 


3l|32 


33 34| 35 36 



Fig. 1. 

How are sections divided? 

Sections are divided into halves and 
quarters. 

Draw a section and show the North ^ and South i. 




Fig. 2. 



To what may N. i and S. i apply ? 

The term N. i and S. ^ may apply to 
the same section, or to ditierent sections. 

Where are they located ? 

They are located according to num- 
ber, from Sec. 1 to Sec. 36. 

Draw a township like Fig. 1, number the sections, 
and represent the N. i, Sec. 2 ; N. i, Sec. 5 ; S i, 
Sec. 15 ; S. J, Sec. 30 ; N. i, Sec. 36. 

LESSON IX. 

Draw a township, number the sections, and repre- 
sent the E. *, Sec. 2 ; W. i, Sec. 7 ; W. i, Sec. 18 ; 
S. i, Sec. 22 ; N. i, Sec. 35. 



AV.i 


E.i 



Fig. 3. 

Fig. 3 represents a section divided from North to 
South in two equal parts. How many acres are 
there in the E. ^ ? 

There are 320 acres in a half section. 

If we take a section and divide it from North to 
South, as in Fig. 3, and in like manner from East 
to West, as in Fig. 4, making four equal parts, how 
many acres are in the N. E. :i ? 

There are 160 acres in a quarter 
section. 



S. ^Y. IS. E. 



Fig. 4. 



GEOGRAPHY OF IOWA. 



13 



Show how } of J of a section is obtained. 

Take ^ (see Fig. 5), divide it into 
four equal parts, as in Fig. 4, and one 
of tliose parts will be the ^ of :|- of a 
Sec. 





b 1 a 
c 1 d 







Fig. 5. 

How many acres are there in J of J of a 
section ? 

There are 40 acres in J of a quarter 
section. 

Draw a township, number the sections, and locate 
the N. E. i of the N. E. i. Sec. 10 ; S. W i, of S. 
W. i, Sec. U ; N. E. J of the N. W. i, Sec. 19 ; 
S. E. i of the N. W. i, Sec. 27. 

What does the letter " c " in Fig. 5 represent? 

It represents the S. W. J of the N. 
E. ^ of the section. 

LESSOR X. 

How is a Congressional township indicated on the 
map? 

By heavy parallel lines li; inches 
apart running East and West on the 
map, intersected by similar lines run- 
ning North and South. 

How are Congressional townships numbered ? 

They are numbered consecutively on 
the map from South to North. 



Where may these numbers be found on tlie map of 
Iowa? 

One column near the Mississippi 
river, another about the middle of the 
map, and still another near the Mis- 
souri river; all extending North and 
South. 

Where are the Ranges numbered? 

At the top and bottom of the map, 
commencing at the 5tli Principal 
Meridian, near the eastern part of Iowa. 

How do you locate Sec. fi, in Tp. 8fi, R. 17? 

Put your, finger on the figures 86, 
and the other hand at the top of the 
map, on XVII ; then move one hand 
east between the parallel lines and the 
other south between the parallel lines 
until they meet in Clay township, in 
Grundy county. Put your finger 
on Sec. 6 of that township, and you 
have Sec. 6, Tp. 86, K. 17. 

Give the Sec, Tp. and R. of De.vter, Dallas county. 
Locate the N. A of N. E. i Sec. 18, Tp, 84, R. 18. 



LESSON XL 

How are lands in Iowa described? 

Lands in Iowa are described by 
numbers. 

What are required in making a description ? 

The Section, Township, and Range. 

What Town is in Sec. 6, Tp. 83, R. 22? 



14 



GEOGRAPHY OF IOWA 



ADAIR COUNTY, POPULATION 5,264.* 

What are the principal towns in Adair county ? 

Fontanelle and Greenfield. 

Name and locate the County Seat. 

Fontanelle, situated south-west of 
the center of the county. 

ADAMS CO., POP. 5,865. 
What are the principal towns* in Adams county? 

Corning, Quincy, Queen City, Pres- 
cott, Brooks, East Nodaway. 

Name and locate the County Seat. 

Corning, near the center of the 
county, on the B. & M. E. E. E. 

What town in Section 17, Township 75, Range 32? 
What town in Section 35, Township 72, Range 34? 
Locate Quincy by numbers. 
Locate Prescott by numbers. 

LESSON XII. 

ALLAMAKEE CO., POP. 18,304. 

What are the principal Towns in Allamakee county? 

Waukon, Postville, and Lansing. 

Name and locate the County Scat. 

Waukon, a little southwest of the 
center of the county. 

APPANOOSE CO., POP. 16,474. 

What are the principal Towns in Appanoose county ? 

Centerville and Moulton. 

Name and locate the County Seat. 

Centerville, is near the center of the 
county. 

* Population is taken from Census of 1873. 



AUDUBON CO., POP. 1,873. 
What are the principal Towns in Audubon county ? 

Exira, Oakfield, and Hamlin. 

Name and locate the County Seat. 

Exira, in the southern interior of 
the county, on the left bank of the 
Nishnebotone river. 

BENTON CO., POP. 22,068. 
What are the principal Towns in Benton county ? 

Yinton, Blairstown, and Belle Elaine. 

Name and locate the County Seat. 

Yinton, in the northern interior of 
the county, on the right bank of the 
Cedar river. 

What Town in Sec. 32, Tp. 96, R. 6 ? 

LESSON XIIL 

BLACK IIAWK CO., POP. 23,136. 

What are the principal Towns in Black Hawk 
county ? 

Waterloo and Cedar Falls. 

Name and locate the County Seat. 

Waterloo, near the center of the 
county, on both sides of the Cedar 
river. 

BOONE CO., POP. 15,167. 
What are the principal Towns in Boone county? 

Boonsboro, Boone, Ogden, and 
Moingona. 

Name and locate the County Seat, 

Boonsboro, a little north east of the 
center of the county. 



GEOGRAPHY OF IOWA. 



15 



BREMER CO., POP. 12,517. 

What are the principal Towns in Bremer county ? 

Waverly, Janesville, and Plainfield. 

Name and locate the County Seat. 

Waverly, in tlie western part of the 
county, on Cedar rivei . 

BUCHANAN CO., POP. 16,329 
What are the principal Towns in Buchanan county? 

Independence, Jesup, and Wintlirop. 

Name and locate the County Seat. 

Independence, near the center of the 
county, on the Wapsipinicon river. 

What Town in Sec. 29, Tp. 84, R. 26 ? 

LESSON XIY. 

BUENA VISTA CO., POP. 2,669. 

What are the principal Towns in Buena Vista 
county? 

Sioux Rapids, Storm Lake, and 
l!s"ewen. 

Name and locate the County Seat. 

Sioux Rapids, in the northern part 
of the county, on the left bank of the 
Little Sioux river. 

BUTLER CO., POP. 10,760. 
What are the principal Towns in Butler county ? 

Butler Center, Parkersburg, Clarks- 
ville, and Shell Rock. 

Name and locate the County Seat. 

Butler Center, a little south of the 
center of the county. 



CALHOUN CO., POP. 2,922. 

Name and locate the principal Town in Calhoun 
county. 

Lake City, the County Seat, about 
eight miles southwest of the center of 
the county. 

CARROLL CO., POP. 3,601. 

Name and point out the principal Towns in Carroll 
county. 

Carroll, Glidden, and Carrollton. 

Name and locate the County Seat. 

Carroll, a little north of the center 
of the county, on the C. & N. W. 
R. R. 

Locate Sioux Rapids by numbers. 
What Town is in Sec. 30, Tp. 90, R. 16? 

LESSON XY. 

CASS CO., POP. 7,660. 

Name and point out the principal towns in Cass 
county. 

Atlantic, Lewis, Anita, and Wiota. 

Name and locate the County Seat. 

Atlantic, northwest of the center of 
the county, on the C, R. I & P. 
R. R. 

CEDAR CO., POP. 17,589. 

Name and point out the principal Towns in Cedar 
county. 

Tipton, Mechanicsville, and Roches- 
ter. 

Name and locate the County Seat. 

Tipton, at the center of the county. 



i6 



GEOGRAPHY OF IOWA 



CEKKO GOKDO CO., POP. 5,636. 

Name and point out the principal Towns in Cerro 
Gordo county. 

Mason Citv and Clear Lake. 

Name and locate the County Seat. 

Mason City, northeast of the center 
of the county, at the intersection of the 
Iowa & Dakota Div. of the MiL & St. 
Paul E. It., and the Central of Iowa 
E. E. 

CHEROKEE CO., POP.' 3,297. 

Name and point out the principal Towns in Chero- 
kee county. 

Cherokee and Aurelia. 

Name and locate the County Seat. 

Cherokee, northeast of the center of 
the county, on the Iowa Div. of the 111. 
Cen. E. E. 

What Town in Sec. 9, Tp. 76, R. 35? 



LESSON XYL 

CHICKASAW CO., POP. 10,292. 

Name and point out the principal Towns in Chicka- 
saw county. 

New Hampton, Nashua, Bradford, 
and Lawler. 

Point out and locate the County Seat of Chickasaw 
county. 

New Hampton, at the center of the 
county, on the Iowa & Dakota Div. of 
the Mil. & St. Paul E. E. 



CLARKE CO., POP. 8,530 

Name and point out the principal Towns in Clarke 
county. 

Osceola and Woodburn. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Clarke county. 

Osceola, near the center of the 
county, on the B. & M. E. E. E. 

CLAY CO., POP. 3,585. 
Name and locate the County Seat of Clay county. 

Spencer, north of the center of the 
county, on the left bank of the Little 
Sioux river. 

CLAYTON CO., POP. 26,946. 

Name and point out the principal Towns in Clayton 
county. 

Elkader, McGregor, Clayton, Straw- 
berry Point, and Guttenberg. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Clayton county. 

Elkader, near the center of the 
county, on the right bank of the Tur- 
key river. 

Locate Osceola by numbers. 

What Town in Sec. 18, Tp. 96, R. 36 ? 

LESSON XVIL 

CLINTON CO., POP. 33,591. 

Name and point out the principal Towns in Clinton 
county. 

De Witt, Clinton, and Lyons. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Clinton county. 

Clinton, in the eastern part of the 
county, on the Mississippi river. 



GEOGRAPHY OF IOWA. 17 


CRxiWFOED CO., POP. 3,777. 


DELAWARE CO., POP. 16,522. 


Name and point out the principal Towns in Craw- 


Name and point out the principal Towns in Dela- 


ford county. 


ware county. 


Denison and Dowville. 


Delhi, Manchester, and Delaware. 


Name and locate the (;)ounty Seat of Crawford 


Name and locate the County Seat of Delaware 


county. 


county. 


Denison, near the center of tlie 


Delhi, southeast of the center of the 


county, on the C. & N. W. E. R. 


county, on the Dav. and St. Paul R. R. 


DALLAS CO., POP. 12,689. 






DES MOINES CO., POP. 34,691. 


Name and point out the principal Towns in Dallas 




county. 


Name and locate the County Seat of Des Moines 


Aclel, Dexter, Yan Meter,. Perry, 


county. 


Waukee, and Dallas Center. 


Burlington, in the southeastern part 




of the county, on the Mississippi river. 


Name and locate the County Seat of Dallas county. 


Adel, on the right bank of the 


DICKINSON CO., POP. 1,743. 


North Coon River, near the center of 






Name and locate the County Seat of Dickinson 


the county. 


county 


Locate De Witt by numbers. 


Spirit Lake, North of the center of 


DA\as CO., POP. 15,434. 


the county. 


Name and locate the County Seat of Davis county. 


What Town is in Sec. 4, Tp. 99, R. 36 ? 


Bloomfield, near the center of the 




county, on the north side of the St. 




Louis, Burlington, and Southwestern 


LESSON XIX. 


R. R. 






DUBUQUE CO., POP. 41,900. 


LESSON XYIIL 






Name and point out the principal Towns in Dubuque 


DECATUK CO., POP. 11,598. 


county . 


Name and point out the principal Towns in Decatur 


Dubuque, Dyersville, Farley and 


county. 


Ep worth. 


Leon and Garden Grove. 


Name and locate the County Seat of Dubuque 


Name and locate the County Seat of Decatur 


county . 


county. 


Dubuque, in the eastern part of the 


Leon, near the center of the county. 


county on the Mississippi river. 



GEOGRAPHY OF IOWA. 



EMMETT CO., POP. 1,614. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Emmett, 
county. 

Estlierville, in the western part of 
tlie county, on the left bank of the 
West Fork Des Moines river. 

FAYETTE CO., POP. 18,796. 

Name and point out the principal Towns in Fayette 
county. 

West Union, Clermont and Fayette. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Fayette county. 

"West Union, in the northern inte- 
rior of the connty, on the Mil. Div. of 
the Bur. C. E. & Min. K. E. 

FLOYD CO., POP. 11,271. 

Name and point out the principal Towns in Floyd 
county. 

Charles City, Floyd, Eockford and 
Nora Springs. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Floyd county. 

Charles City, East of the center of 
the county, on the Eed Cedar river. 

Locate Clermont by numbers. 



LESSOK XX. 

FRANKLIN CO., POP. 5,669. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Franklin 
county. 

Hampton, near the center of the 
county, on the Cen. E. E. of Iowa. 



FREMONT CO., POP. 12,394. 

What are the principal Towns in Fremont county ? 

Sidney, Hamburg, East ^Nebraska 
City and Eiverton. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Fremont 
county . 

Sidney, near the center of the county. 

GREENE CO., POP. 5,755. 
What are the principal Towns in Greene county? 

Jefferson, Grand Junction and Eip- 

Name and locate the County Seat of Greene county. 

Jefferson, near the center of the 
county, on the C. & N. W. E. E. 

GRUNDY CO., POP. 7,154. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Grundy 
county. 

Grundy Center, near the center of 
the county. 

What town in the NE i Sec. 33, Tp. 92, R. 20 ? 

LESSON XXI. 

GUTHRLE CO., POP. 8,017. 
What are the principal Towns in Guthrie county. 

Guthrie Center, Panora, Casey, 
Guthrie, and Stuart. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Guthrie 
county. 

Guthrie Center, near the center of 
the county, is on the left bank of the 
South Coon river. 



GEOGRAPHY OF IOWA, 



19 



HAJkHLTON CO., POP. 6,672. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Hamilton 
county. 

Webster City, in the northwestern 
interior of the comity, on the Iowa 
Div. of thein. Cen. iLe. 

HANCOCK CO., POP. 1,397. 

What are the principal Towns in Hancock county? 

Concord and Garner. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Hancock 
county. 

Concord, Q^ miles east of the center 
of the county. 

HAEDIN CO., POP. 13,855. 

Name and point out the principal Towns in Hardin 
county. 

Eldora, Ackley, Iowa Falls and 
Steamboat Rock. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Hardin county. 

Eldora, in the eastern interior of the 
connty, on the east side of the Cen. 
R. R. of Iowa. 

What Town is in the W i of the SE i Sec. 32, Tp. 
80. R. 30? 

LESSON XXII. 

HAKRISON CO., POP. 10,218. 

Name and point out the principal Towns in Harri- 
son county. 

Magnolia, Missouri Yalley, Dunlap, 
and Woodbine. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Harrison 
county. 



Magnolia, near the center of the 
county. 

IIENKY CO., POP. 20,754. 
Name and locate the County Seat of Henry county. 

Mt. Pleasant, near the center of the 
county, on the Burlington and Mis- 
souri River R. R. 

HOWARD CO., POP. 7,259, 

Name and locate the County Seat of Howard 
county. 

Cresco, in the eastern part of the 
county, on the Mil. & St. Paul R. R. 

HUMBOLDT CO., POP. 2,989. 

Name and point out the principal towns in Hum- 
boldt county. 

Dakota and Humboldt. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Humboldt 
county. 

Dakota, 3 miles south of the center 
of the county, on the right bank of 
the East Des Moines river. 

In what Sec, Tp., and Range is Cresco? 

LESSON XXIII. 
IDA CO., POP. 449. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Ida county. 

Ida, near the center of the county, 
on the left bank of Maple river. 

low^A CO., POP. 16,572. 

Name and point out the principal Towns in Iowa 
county. 

Marengo, Yictor, and Homestead. 



GEOGRAPHY OF IOWA 



Name and locate the County Seat of Iowa county. 

Marengo, in the northern interior of 
the county, on the right bank of the 
Iowa river. 

JACKSON CO., POP. 22,284. 

Name and point out the principal Towns in Jack- 
son county. 

Andrew, Maqnoketa, and Sabula, 

Name and locate the County Seat of Jackson 
county. 

Maqnoketa, in the southern interior 
of the connty. 

JASPER CO., POP. 22,039. 

Name and point out the principal Towns in Jasper 
county. 

Kewton, Kellogg, Colfax, Prairie 
City, and Monroe. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Jasper county. 

IN'ewton, near the center of the 
connty, on the C. R. I. P. R. P. 

In what sections is Newton ? 

What is the distance across Newton from North 
to South? From East to West? 

LESSON xxiy. 

JEFFERSON CO., POP. 1G,T78. 

Name and point out the principal Towns in Jeffer- 
son county. 

Fairfield and Batavia. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Jefferson 
county. 

Fairfield, near the center of the 
county, on the B. So M. R. P. P. 



JOHNSON CO., POP. 24,814. 

Name and point out the principal Towns in John- 
son county. 

Iowa City, Tiffin, and Oxford. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Johnson county. 

Iowa City, near the center of the 
county, on the left bank of the Iowa 
river. 

JONES CO., POP. 18,930. 

Name and point out the principal Towns in Jones 
county. 

Anamosa, Monticello and Center 
Junction. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Jones county. 

Anamosa, in the western interior of 
the county on the left bank of the 
Wapsij^inicon river. 

KEOKUK CO., POP. 19,964. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Keokuk county. 

Sigourney, near the center of the 
county, at the terminus of the Oska- 
loosa, Chicaga & S. W. R. R. 

What Town in the W. i Sec. 31, Tp, 72, R. 11? 

LESSON XXV. 

KOSSUTH CO., POP. 4,252. 

Name and point out the principal Towns in Kossuth 
county. 

Algona and Irvington. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Kossuth county. 

Algona, south of the center of the 
county, on the left bank of the East 
Des Moines river. 



GEOGRAPHY OF IOWA. 



LEE CO., POP. 33,644. 

What are the principal Towns in Lee county? 

Keolciik, Ft. Madison and Montrose. 

Name and locate the County Seats of Lee county. 

Keokuk, in tlie sontli-eastern part of 
the county, on the Mississippi river, 
and Ft. Madison in the eastern part of 
the county, on the Mississippi river. 

LixN CO., POP. 30,021. 

Name and point out the principal Towns in Linn 
county. 

Cedar Rapids, Marion, Mt. Vernon 
and Western College. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Linn county. 

Marion, near the center of the 
county, on the Dubuque and S. W. 
RE. 

LOUISA CO., POP. 12,379. 

What are the principal Towns in Louisa county ? 

Wapello and Toolesborough. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Louisa county. 

Wapello, near the center of the 
county, on the right bank of the Iowa 
river. 

Locate Toolesborough by numbers. 

LESSOR XXVI. 
LUCAS CO., POP. 10,742, 

Name and locate the County Seat of Lucas county. 

Chariton, near the center of the 
county, on the B. & M. E. E. E. 



LYON CO., POP. 966. 

Name and point out the principal Towns in Lyon 
county. 

Doon and Eock Eapids. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Lyon county. 

Doon, in the southern part of the 
county, on the left bank of Eock Eiver. 

MADISON CO., POP. 14,698. 

Name and point out the principal towns in Madison 
county. 

Winterset and Earlham. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Madison 
county. 

Winterset, at the center of the coun- 
ty, at the terminus of the Des Moines, 
Winterset and S. W. E. E. 

MAHASKA CO., POP. 22,054. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Mahaska 
county. 

Oskaloosa, 2^ miles south of the 
center of the county, on the Central 
E. E. of Iowa. 

What town in the W. i Sec. 25, Tp. 98, Range 46? 

LESSON XXVII. 

MARION CO., POP. 24,272. 

Name and locate the principal towns in Marion 
county. 

Knoxville and Pella. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Marion 
county. 

Knoxville, f of a mile south of the 
center of the county. 



GEOGRAPHY OF IOWA 



MARSHALL CO., POP. 18,272. 

Name and locate the principal towns in Marshall 
county. 

Marshalltown and State Center. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Marshall 
county. 

Marshalltown, 3f miles east of the 
center of the county. 

What railroads in'.ersect at Marshalltown ? 

The C. & I^. W. K. E. and the 
Central R. E.. of Iowa. 

MILLS CO., POP. 9,661. 
Name and locate the County Seat of Mills county- 

Glenwood, in the ^vestern interior 
of the county, on the B. & M. R. R. E. 

MITCHELL CO., POP. 9,563. 

Name and point out the principal towns in Mitchell 
county. 

Osage, Mitchell and AVest Mitchell. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Mitchell 
county. 

Osage, 41 miles south of the center 
of the county, on the Cedar Falls & 
Minn. E. E.' 

Locate State Center by numbers. 

LESSON XXVIII. 

MONONA CO., POP. 4,989. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Monona 
county. 

Onawa, in the western part of the 
county, on the Sioux City & Pacific 
E. E. 



MONKOE CO., POP. 12,334. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Monroe 
county. 

Albia, 2h; miles east of the center of 
the county, on the B. & M. E. E. E. 

MONTGOMERY CO., POP. 8,602. 

Name and point out the principal Towns in Mont- 
gomery county. 

Eed Oak, Villisca and Stanton. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Montgomery 
county. 

Eed Oak, about 3-^- miles south w^est- 
erly from the center of the county, on 
the B. & M. E. E. E. 

MUSCATINE CO., POP. 21,382. 

Name and point out the principal Towns in Musca- 
tine county. 

Muscatine, West Liberty, Moscow 
and Wilton. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Muscatine 
county. 

Muscatine, in the south-eastern part 
of the county, on the Mississippi 
river. 

What Town in the N. E. i Sec. 9, Tp. 78, R. 2 ? 



LESSON XXIX. 



o'brien CO., POP. 800. 

Name and locate the County Seat of O'Brien 
county. 

Primghar, at the center of the 
county. 



GEOGRAPHY OF IOWA, 



23 



OSCEOLA CO., POP. 1,409. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Osceola 
county. 

Sibley, in the western interior of the 
connty, on tlie Sioux City & St. Paul 
R E. 

PAGE CO., POP. 11,734. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Page 
county. 

Clarinda, in tlie eastern interior of 
the connty, at the terminus of the 
Brownville 6z ^S^odaway Yalley R. R. 

PALO ALTO CO., POP. 2,617 

Name and locate the County Seat of Palo Alto 
county. 

Eminetsl)urg, near the center of the 
county, on the left bank of the West 
Fork Des Moines river. 

Locate Primghar by numbers. 

What town is located in Sec. 13, Tp. 99, R. 42? 



LESSOR XXX. 



PLYMOUTU CO., POP. 3,884. 

Name and point out the principal Towns in 
Plyr.ioutli countv. 

Le Mars, Plymouth and Melbourne. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Plymouth 
county, 

Le Mars, north-east of the center of 
the county, on the Iowa Div. 111. Cen. 
R.R. 



POCAHONTAS CO., POP. 2,175. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Pocahontas 
county, 

Pocahontas Center, three miles 
nearly north of the center of the 
county. 

POLK CO., POP. 30,892. 

Name and point out the principal Towns in Polk 
county. 

Des Moines, Mitchellville and Polk 
City. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Polk county. 

Des Moines, in the southern interior 
of the county, on the Des Moines 
river. 

Locate Mitchellville by numbers. 

LESSOI^ XXXI. 

POTTAWATTAMIE CO., POP. 20,170. 

Name and point out the principal Towns in Potta- 
wattamie county. 

Council Bluffs and Avoca. 

Name and locate the County Scat of Pottawattamie 
county. 

Council Bluffs, in the southwestern 
part of the county, on the left bank of 
the Missouri river. 

POWESHIEK CO., POP. 15,270. 

What are the principal Towns in Poweshiek 
county? 

Montezuma, Grinnell, Malcom, and 
Brooklyn. 



24 



GEOGRAPHY OF IOWA 



Name and locate the County Seat of Poweshiek 
county. 

Montezuma, in the southern interior 
of the county. 

KINGGOLD CO., POP. 6,846. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Ringgold 
county. 

Mt. Ayr, near the center of the 
county. 

SAC CO., POP. 1,698. 

Name and point out the principal Towns in Sac 
county. 

Sac City and Grant City. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Sac county. 

Sac City, in the eastern interior of 
the county, on the ^orth Coon river. 

What Town in SW i Sec. 26, Tp. 80, Range 15 ? 
Locate Mt. Ayr by numbers. 

LESSON XXXII. 

SCOTT CO., POP. 38,930. 

Name and point out the principal Towns in Scott 
county. 

Davenport, Walcott, and Eldridge. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Scott county. 

Davenport, in the southeastern part 
of the county, on the right hank of the 
Mississippi river. 



SHELBY CO., POP. 3,742. 
point out the prin 

Harlan and Shelby, 



Name and point out the principal Towns in Shelby 
countv. 



Which of these is a railroad town, and on what rail- 
road ? 

Shelby, on the C, E. I. & P. R. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Shelby county. 

Harlan, near the center of the coun- 
ty on the West Fork of the ISTishne- 
botone river. 

SIOUX CO., POP. 2,872. 

Name and point the principal Towns in Siou.K 
county. 

Orange City and Hospers. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Sioux county. 

Orange City, in a south-easterly 
direction from the center of the county. 

STORY CO., POP. 11,626. 

Name and point out the principal Towns in Story 
county. 

Nevada, Ames and Iowa Center. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Story county. 

Nevada, near the center of the coun- 
ty, on the C. & N. W. R. R. 

Locate Iowa Center by numbers. 

What town in the N. E. i Sec. 32, Tp. 95, R. 44? 

LESSON XXXIIL 

TAMA CO., POP. 16,343. 

Name and point out the principal Towns in Tama 

county. 

Toledo, Tama City, Orford and 
Traer. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Tama county. 

Toledo, about six miles south-west- 
erly from the center of the county. 



GEOGRAPHY OF IOWA. 



25 



TAYLOR CO., POP. 8,191. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Taylor 
county. 

Bedford, about 4 miles soutli-west- 
erlj from the center of the comitj, on 
the Creston Br. Bur. & Mo. Kiv. 

K.E. 

UNION CO., POP. 6,911. 

Name and point out the principal Towns in Union 
county. 

Afton, Creston, Cromwell, and 
Thajer. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Union 
county. 

Afton, 2^ miles east of the center of 
the county, on the Bur. & Mo. Riv. 
R. R. 

VAN BUREN CO., POP. 16,860. 

Name and point out the principal Towns in Van 
Buren county. 

Keosauqua, Indej^endent, Bentons- 
]^ort, Yernon, Bonaparte and Farm- 

ington. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Van Buren 
county. 

Keosauqua, near the center of the 
county, on the left bank of the Des 
Moines riAer. 

Locate Toledo by numbers. 
Locate Farmington by numbers. 

Note. — Draw a township, locate the school house 
and all the farms arotmd it, the d/:scriptions 
of which you can obtain from the children in 
the class. 



LESSON XXXIV. 

WAPELLO CO., POP. 22,261. 

Name and point out the principal Towns in Wapello 
county. 

Ottumwa, Eddj\dlle and Agency 
City. 

Name and locate the (bounty Seat of Wapello 
county. 

Ottumwa, near the center of the 
county, on the left bank of the Des 
Moines river. 



WARREN CO., POP. 17,400. 

Name and point out the principal Towns in Warren 
county. 

Indianola, Carlisle and Hartford. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Warren 
county. 

Indianola, north of the center of the 
county, at the terminus of the Des 
Moines, Indianola & Mo. R. R. 

WASHINGTON CO., POP. 18,975. 

Name and point out the principal Towns in Wash- 
ington county. 

Washington and Brighton. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Washington 
county. 

Washington, near the center of the 
county, on the Chicago & S. W. 
R.R. 



26 



GEOGRAPHY OF IOWA, 



WAYNE CO., POP. 11,797. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Wayne 
county. 

Corydon, near the center of the 
county. 

Locate Corydon by numbers. 

What Town is in the W. i ol N. E. i, Sec. 21, Tp. 
77, R. 22? 

LESSON XXXV. 

WEBSTER CO., POP. 11,603. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Webster 
county. 

Fort Dodge, near the center of the 
county, on the Des Moines river. 

On what railroad is Fort Dodge ? 

The Iowa Div. IlL Cen. K. E., and 
at the northern terminus of the D. V. 
K. E. 

"WINNEBAGO CO., POP. 2,281 

Name and point out the County Seat of Winnebago 
county. 

Forest City, on the southern border 
of the county. 

WINNESHIEK CO., POP. 23,061. 

Name and point out the principal Towns in Win- 
neshiek county. 

Decorah, Calmar and Fort Atkin- 
son. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Winneshiek 
county. 

Decorah, on the Upper Iowa river. 



a few miles east of the center of the 
county. 

Locate Forest City by numbers. 

How many miles long is Winneshiek county ? How 
many wide? 

LESSON XXXVL 

WOODBUKY CO., POP. 6,988. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Woodbury 
county. 

Sioux City, in the northwestern 
part of the county, on the Missouri 
river, at the mouth of Floyd river. 

What other river flows into the Missouri river a 
little west of Sioux City ? 

The Big Sioux river. 

What does it form ? 

The boundary between Iowa and 
Dakota Territory. 

WORTH CO., POP. 3,913. 
Name and locate the County Seat of Worth county. 

ISTorthwood, in the northern interior 
of the county, on the left bank of the 
Shell Eock river. 

WRIGHT CO-,, POP. 2,826. 

Name and point out the Principal Towns in Wright 
county. 

Clarion, Goldfield, Belmond, and 
Eagle Grove Junction. 

Name and locate the County Seat of Wright county. 

Clarion, at the center of the county. 

What town in the SW i Sec. 33, Tp. 92, Range 26 ? 



GEOGRAPHY OF IOWA. 



27 



LESSOR XXXVII. 



Name the twenty largest cities in 


Iowa 


in the order 


of their population. 






1. 


Dul)U(|ue - 


- 


22,151 


2. 


Davenport 


- 


20,550 


3. 


Biirlino-ton 


- 


20,156 


4. 


Des M(.)ines - 


- 


15,061 


5. 


Keokuk 


- 


11,761 


6. 


Council Bluffs 


- 


10,525 


T. 


Muscatine - 


- 


6,939 


8. 


Iowa Citj 


- 


6,214 


9. 


Clinton 


- 


6,149 


10. 


"Waterloo 


- 


5,892 


11. 


Ottumwa - 


- 


5,713 


12. 


Fort Madison 


- 


4,372 


13. 


Cedar Rapids 


- 


4,089 


14. 


Mt. Pleasant - 


- 


4,065 


15. 


Marshalltown 


- 


4,062 


16. 


Lyons 


- 


3,989 


17. 


( )skaloosa 


- 


3,425 


18. 


Fort Dodge - 


- 


3,333 


19. 


Sioux Citj 


- 


3,137 


20. 


Cedar Falls - 


- 


3,127 



Point out and locate each of the above. 

LESSOX XXXVIII. 

For what is Iowa City noted ? 

It is noted for being tlie place where 
the Iowa State University is located, 
and also for having formerly been the 
Capital of Iowa. 

Note. — In every lesson pupils should be required 
to go to the map and point out. 



Where is the Iowa State Agricultural College 
located ? 

It is near Ames in Story county. 

How many Hospitals for the Insane are there in 
Iowa? 

There are two. 

Where are they located? 

One is at Mt. Pleasant, in Henry 
comity, and the other at Independence, 
in Buchanan count}'. 

Where is the College for the bhnd located ? 

It is located at Yinton, in Benton 
comity. 

Where is the Institution for the education of the 
Deaf and Dumb located? 

At Council Bliifls. 

How many Soldiers' Orphans' Homes are there in 
Iowa? 

There are three, located respectively, 
at Davenport, Cedar Falls and Glen- 
wood. 

Where are the State Penitentiaries located? 

One is at Ft. Madison, and the other 
at Anamosa. 

Where is the State Reform School located? 

At Eldora, in Hardin county. 

Point out on the map the towns where these insti- 
tutions are located. 



Note. — There is no exercise more pleasing and 
profitable than to recite long reviews in 
Geography in concert, pupils taking turns in- 
pointing out for the class, on the map. 



28 



GEOGRAPHY OF IOWA. 



LESSON XXXIX. 

Name all the counties in Iowa that have over 20,000 
inhabitants in the order of their population. 

1. Dubuque - - 41,900 

2. Scott - - - 38,930 

3. Des Moines . - 34,691 

4. Lee - - - - 33,644 

5. Clinton - - - 33,591 

6. Polk - - - 30,892 

7. Linn - - - 30,021 

8. Clayton - - - 26,946 

9. Johnson - - 24,814 

10. Marion - - - 24,272 

11. Black Hawk - - 23,136 

12. Winneshiek - - 23,061 

13. Jackson - - - 22,284 

14. "Wapello - - - 22,261 

15. Benton - - - 22,068 

16. Mahaska - - - 22,054 

17. Jasper - - - 22,039 

18. Muscatine - - - 21,382 

19. Hemy - - - 20,754 

20. Pottawattamie - - 20,170 

Note. — Pupils need not learn the population of 
counties and towns, but learn the names in 
their order, and be able to point them out with 
facility. 

LESSOR XL. 

Name all the counties in Iowa that have a popula- 
tion of over 20,000, in order, commencing with 
the largest. 

1, Dubuque ; 2, Scott ; 3, Des 
Moines; 4, Lee; 5, Clinton; 6, Polk; 



7, Linn; 8, Clayton; 9, Johnson; 10, 
Marion; 11, Black Hawk; 12, Win- 
neshiek; 13, Jackson; 14, Wapello; 
15, Benton; 16, Mahaska; 17, Jasper; 
18, Muscatine; 19, Henry; 20, Potta- 
wattamie. 

Point out the first five, and bound the first one in 
concert. 

Point out the second five, and name them in con- 
cert. 

Point out the third five, and name their county seats 
in concert. 

Point out the last five, bound the last one in con- 
cert, and name the county seat. 

How many of these border on the Mississippi river? 

Mention the other counties that border on the Mis- 
sissippi river. 

How many of the above border on the Missouri 
river? 

Bound it in concert. 

How many counties in Iowa border on the Mis- 
souri river? 

Name them in concert. 



LESSON^ XLI, 



What seven rivers in Iowa, flow into the Mississippi 
river ? 

Upper Iowa, Turkey, Maquoketa, 
Wapsipinicon, Iowa, Skunk and Des 
Moines. 

What four rivers flow from southern Iowa, beyond 
the border of the State ? 

Chariton, Grand, Nodaway and 
Nishnebotone. 



GEOGRAPHY OF IOWA, 



29 



What four rivers flow from Iowa into the Missouri 
river? 

Boyer, Soldier, Little Sioux and 
Floyd. 

What river flows from Iowa into the Big Sioux river ? 

Rock Ri^er. 

What do these rivers with their tributaries form? 

The net work of water courses in 
Iowa. 

Describe the Upper Iowa river. 

It rises in Southern Minnesota, 
enters Iowa in the JSTorth-western part 
of Howard county, flows easterly, then 
south-east, and north-east through 
Howard, AVinneshiek and Allamakee 
counties, and empties into the Missis- 
sippi river. 

Whi'it important town on the Upper Iowa river? 

Decorali, the County Seat of Win- 
neshiek county. 

Rule for describing a river. — 1st. Tell 
where it rises. 2d. The general direction it flows. 
3d. Through what counties (or townships) it flows. 
4th. Into what it empties. 

Note., — Pupils arc not expected to commit these 
descriptions in all their details, but they must 
prepare the lessons thoroughly . so as to he able 
in recitation to trace on the map with pointer, 
and describe with facility. 

LESSON XLII. 

Point out and describe the Turkey river. 

I It rises in Howard county and flows 
j south-easterly through Howard, Win- 
neshiek, Fayette and Clayton counties, 



and empties into the Mississippi 
river. 

What two flourishing towns are on Turkey river? 

Clermont, in Fayette county, and 
Elkader, the County Seat of Clayton 
county. 

Trace with pointer and describe the Maquoketa 
river. 

It rises in the southern part of 
Fayette county, flows south-easterly 
through Buchanan, Delaware, Jones 
and Jackson counties, to Maquoketa, 
and thence north-easterly and empties 
into the Mississippi river. 

Point out and name three flourishing towns on the 
Maquoketa river. 

Manchester, in Delaware county, 
Monticello, in Jones county, and Ma- 
quoketa, in Jackson county. 

Point out and describe the Wapsipinicon river. 

It is formed by East, Middle, and 
West Branches, which unite in Bremer 
county, and flows southeasterly through 
Bremer, Black Hawk, Buchanan, Linn, 
Jones, Cedar, and Clinton ; forms the 
boundary between Clinton and Scott 
counties, and empties into the Missis- 
sippi river. 

What two important towns are on the Wapsipinicon 
river? 

Independence and Anamosa. 

Locate them and tell what they are. 

What large river flows into the Iowa river? 

The Cedar river. 



3° 



GEOGRAPHY OF IOWA 



Point out, trace with pointer, nnd describe the Ce- 
dar river. 

It rises in tlie nortliern part of 
Worth and Mitchell counties, flows 
southeasterly through Mitchell, Floyd, 
Chickasaw, Bremer, Black Hawk, Ben- 
ton, Louisa, Johnson,Cedar, Muscatine, 
and in Louisa county flows into the 
Iowa river. 

What six important towns are on the Cedar river? 

Chalres City, Waverly, Cedar Falls, 
Waterloo, Vinton, and Cedar Kapids. 

Locate them and tell which are county seats. 

LESSOlS^ XLIII. 

Point out and describe the Iowa river. 

It rises in Hancock county, flows 
southeasterly through Wright, Frank- 
lin, Hardin, Marshall, Tama, Iowa, 
Johnson, forms the boundary between 
Johnson and Washington counties, 
thence through Louisa county, and 
empties into the Mississippi river. 

What important towns are on the Iowa river? 

Iowa Falls, Eldora, Marshalltown, 
Marengo, and Iowa City. 

Point out and describe the Skunk river. 

It rises in Hamilton county, flows 
southeasterly through Story, Polk, 
Jasper, Marion, Mahaska, Keokuk, 
Washington, Jeflerson, Henry, and 
on the boundary between Des Moines 
and Lee counties, empties into the 
Mississippi river. 



What flourishing towns are on the Skunk river? 

Trace with the pointer and describe the Des Moines 
river. 

The East and West Des Moines rivers 
rise near the border of Minnesoto, 
flow south-easterly, and unite near the 
center of Humboldt county, and form 
the Des Moines river which flows 
south-easterl}' througlAYebster, Boone, 
Dallas, Polk, Warren, Marion, Mahas- 
ka, AVapello, Davis, Van Buren, and 
on the southern border of Lee county, 
empties into the Mississippi river. 

What important towns are on the Des Moines 
river? 

Estherville, Emmetsburg, Hum- 
boldt, Algona, Dakota, Ft. Dodge, 
Des Moines, Eddyville, Ottumwa, 
Keosauqua, Bentonsjjort, Bonaparte, 
Farmington, and Croton. 

Which are County Seats? Point out and locate 
them. 

Trace and describe Raccoon river. 



LESSON XLIY. 



Point out and describe the Chariton river. 

It rises in the northern part of 
Decatur and Wayne counties, flows 
north, then north-east to near the center 
of Lucas county, thence south-easterly 
through Appanoose county, beyond 
the borders of the State. 



GEOGRAPHY OF IOWA. 



31 



Point out and describe Grand river. 

The sources of Grand river are in 
Adair county, but tliey unite in Union 
county, and flow througli Decatur 
county, beyond tlie border of the 
State. 

Trace with pointer and describe the Nodaway 
river. 

The streams that form it rise in the 
southern port of Cass and Adair coun- 
ties, flow south-west through Adams 
and Montgomery counties, unite in the 
latter, and thence flow south through 
Page county, beyond the border of the 
State. 

Point out and describe the Nishnebotone river. 

It is formed by East and "West Nish- 
nebotone rivers, which unite in Fre- 
mont county, and flow south beyond 
the border of the State, 

What towns are on the West Nishnebotone river? 

Harlan and Avoca. 



LESSON XLY. 



Point out and describe Boyer river. 

It rises in Sac county, flows south- 
westerly through Crawford, Harrison, 
Pottawattamie, and empties into the 
Missouri river. 

What thriving town is on the Boyer river? 

Denison, the county seat of Craw- 
ford county. 



Point out and describe the Soldier river. 

It rises in the southern part of Ida 
county, flows in a south-westerly direc- 
tion, touching Crawford county, thence 
through Monona and Harrison coun- 
ties, and empties into the Missouri 
river. 

Point out and describe the Little Sioux river. 

It rises in Dickinson county, flows 
south-east and then north-west and 
south-west through Clay, Buena 
Yista, O'Brien, Cherokee, Woodbury, 
Monona and Harrison counties, and 
empties into the Missouri river. 

\Miat towns are on the Little Sioux river? 

Spencer, Sioux Rapids and Chero- 
kee. 

LESSON XLYI. 

Point out and describe Floyd river. 

It rises in the north-western part of 
O'Brien county, flows south-westerly 
through Sioux, Plymouth, and Wood- 
bury counties, and empties into the 
Missouri river. 

What important city is at the mouth of Floyd river? 

Sioux City, the county seat of 
"Woodbury county. 

Point out and describe Rock river. 

It rises in the northern part of Lyon 
county, flows south-westerly through 
Lyon and Sioux counties, and empties 
into the Big Sioux river. 



32 



GEOGRAPHY OF IOWA 



What thriving towns are on Rock river? 

Kock Kapids and Doon. 

Name the six principal lakes in Iowa. 

Clear Lake, Okoboji Lake, Spirit 
Lake, Storm Lake, Twin Lakes, and 
Wall Lake. 

Locate each one of them. 

Name and trace the lines of completed railroads that 
traverse the State from east to west. 

The Iowa Div. 111. Cent. E. E.; 
C. K W. E. E.; C, E. L & P. E. E., 
and tlie B. & M. E. E. E. 

What other line of railroad, extending east and 
west, is partially completed ? 

The Iowa & Dakota Div. of the Mil. 
& St. Paul E. E. 

Where does the Iowa & Dakota Div. of the Mil. & 
St. Paul R. R. extend ? 

From Calmar in "Winneshiek coun- 
ty, through Chickasaw, Floyd, Cerro 
Gordo, Hancock, and half across Kos- 
suth county to Algona. 

Name the principal Towns on the Iowa & Dakota 
Div. of the Mil. & St. Paul R. R. 

Name the railroads that intersect it, and the Towns 
at the intersections. 

What railroad from the Mississippi river passes 
through Calmar ? 

Tlie Mil. & St. Paul E. E. passes 
through Clayton, Allamakee, Winne- 
shiek, and Howard counties, connect- 
ing with the Iowa & Dakota Div. of 
the Mil. & St. Paul E. E. at Calmar. 

Name the principal Towns on the Mil. & St. Paul 
R. R. 



LESSON XLVIL 



Where does the Iowa Div. of the 111. Cent. R. R. 
extend ? 

From Dubuque to Sioux City. 

Name and point out the counties through which it 
runs. 

Dubuque, Delaware, Buchanan, 
Black Hawk, Butler, Franklin, Har- 
din, Plamilton, Webster, Calhoun, 
Pocahontas, Buena Yista, Cherokee, 
Plymouth and AVoodbury. 

For what is Dubuque noted ? 

It is the largest city in the State. 

Name the principal Towns on the Iowa Div. of the 
111. Cent. R. R. 

Name the railroads that intersect it, and the Towns 
at the intersections. 

Where, in Iowa, does the C. & N. W. R. R. 
extend ? 

From Clinton to Council Bluffs. 

Name and point out the counties through which ',t 
passes. 

Clinton, Cedar, Linn, Benton, Tama, 
Marshall, Story, Boone, Greene, Car- 
roll, Crawford, Harrison, and Potta- 
wattamie. 

What are the principal points of railroad intersection 
on this. road? 

Cedar Eapids, Marshalltown, and 
Grand Junction. 

What railroads form these intersections ? 



GEOGRAPHY OF IOWA. 



33 



lessor; xlviii. 

Where, in Iowa, does the C. R. I. & P. R. R. 
extend? 

From Davenport to Council Bluffs. 

Name and point out the counties through which it 
runs. 

Scott, Muscatine, Cedar, Johnson, 
Iowa, Powesliiek, Jasper, Polk, Dallas, 
Madison, Gutlirie, Adair, Cass, Shel- 
by, and Pottawattamie. 

Name the principal Cities on this road. 
How does Davenport rank in size? 

It is the second city in the State. 

For what is Des Moines noted? 

It is the Capital of Iowa. 

What railroads intersect the C, R. I. & P. R. R. 
Name and point oiit the towns at the intersections. 
Where does the B. & M R. R. R. extend ? 

From Burlington to Council Bluffs. 

Through what counties does it run ? 

Des Moines, Henry, Jefferson, 
Wapello, Monroe, Lucas, Clarke, 
Union, Adams, Montgomery, Mills 
and Pottawattamie. 

Name the principal Towns on this road. 
How does Burlington rank in size? 

It is the third citv in the State. 



LESSOK XLIX. 

Where does the Des Moines Valley R. R. extend? 

From Keokuk to Fort Dodge. 

Through what counties does it run? 

Lee, Yan Buren, Wapello, Mahaska, 
Marion, Jasper, Polk, Dallas, Boone, 
Greene and Webster. 

Name and point out the principal Towns on the D. 
V. R. R. 

What rail roads does it intersect ? 

Where does the Central of Iowa R. R. extend? 

From Albia, Monroe county, north 
throu'2:h the State into Minnesota. 

Through what counties does it run ? 

Monroe, Mahaska, Poweshiek, Jas- 
per, Marshall, Hardin, Frankliii, Cer- 
ro Gordo and AVorth. 

What are the principal Towns through which it 
passes ? 

Edd}^'illc, Oskaloosa, Grinnell, 
Marshalltown, Ackley, Hampton, Ma- 
son City and Xorthwood. 

What railroads does it intersect? 

Where does the Bur. Cedar Rapids & Minn. R. R. 
extend? 

From Burlington to Cerro Gordo 
county, where it forms a junction with 
the Mason City & Minn. 11. E. 

Trace it with pointer, and name the counties through 
which it passes. 

Name the principal Towns located on it. 

Name the principal lines of railroad it crosses. 



34 



GEOGRAPHY OF IOWA 



LESSON L. 

Where does the Mil. Div. Bur. C. R. & Minn. R. 
R. extend? 

From Cedar Rapids to Postville. 

What large river does it cross? 

Through what counties does it run? 

Point out the principal Towns located on it? 

Where does the Dubuque & S. W. R. R. extend? 

From Cedar Rapids to Farley, 
where it forms a junction with the 
Iowa Div. 111. Cen. R. R. 

Name the principal Towns located on it. 

Through what counties does it run ? 

What river does it cross? 

Where does the Sabula, Ackley & Dakota R. R. 
extend ? 

From Marion, Linn county, to Sa- 
bula, Jackson county. 

What railroads does it cross ? 

Trace it and name the counties through which it 
runs. 

Where does the Dav. & St. Paul R. R. extend? 

From Davenport to Strawberry 
Point, Clayton county. 

Trace it with pointer, and tell what railroads it 
crosses. 

Tell through what counties it runs. 

LESSON LL 

What railroads extend north from Clinton, along 
the Mississippi river? 

The Chi. Clinton & Dubuque R, R. 
to Dubuque, and the Chi. Dubuque 



& Minn. R. R, from Dubuque north 
to Minn. 

Name and point out the counties through which 
they pass. 

What rivers do they cross ? 

Where does the Chicago & S. W. R. R. extend? 

From Muscatine south-west, and 
enters Missouri from Wayne county. 

What rivers does it cross? 

What railroads does it intersect? 

Name the counties through which it runs. 

Where does the Sioux City & St. Paul R. R. extend? 

From Sioux City north-east, and 
enters Minnesota from Osceola county. 

Through what counties does it run ? 

Where does the Neb. City Br. of the Bur. & Mo. 
R.R. R. extend? 

From Red Oak to East Nebraska 
City. 

Trace it and name the counties through which it 
runs. 

LESSON LII. 

Where does the Creston Branch of the Bur. & Mo. 
R. R. R. extend? 

From Creston south-westerly and 
enters Missouri from Taylor county. 

Through what counties does it run ? 

Where does the Burlington & S. W R. R. extend? 

From Burlington south-west and 
enters Missouri from Appanoose 
county. 

What rivers does it cross ? 



Geography of iowa. 



35 



Across what counties does it run? 

What railroad extends from Keokuk to BurHng- 
ton? 

The Chi. Biir. & Quincy E. E. 

Through what counties does it run ? 

Where does the Des Moines, Winterset & S. W. 
R. R. extend? 

From Des Moines to Winterset. 

Through what counties do&s it run ? 

Where does the Des Moines, Indianola & Mo. R. R. 
extend? 

From Des Moines to Indianola, 

Note. — Any railroad that has been omitted may 
be described as above. It will be a profitable 
exercise by way of review to require the prin- 
cipal towns, the principal rivers, the principal 
railroads, the principal junctions, and the 
public and charitable institutiotis to be fre- 
quently named and located or described. 

LESSON LIII. 

For what is Peat used ? 

Peat is used for fuel. 

How is Peat formed? 

By the decomposition of plants 
growin<^ in ponds or marshes. 

How is it prepared for use ? 

It is cut out in blocks and either 
dried in the sun, or first ground to a 
pulp, moulded into blocks, and then 
dried in the sun. 

Where is Peat, suitable for fuel, found ? 

It is most abundant in Cerro Gordo, 
Hancock, Winnebago, and Worth 
counties. 



What part of Iowa is best supplied with building 
stone ? 

Stone suitable for cellars, bridge 
piers, and buildings, abounds chiefly 
in the eastern half of the State. 

What localities are specially noted for their quar- 
ries? 

Johnson, Jones, Tama, Marshall, 
Humboldt, Madison, Van Buren, Lee 
and Des Moines counties, 

LESSON LIV. 

How is the Coal Field indicated on the map in this 
book? 

By a dark blue color. 

What kind of coal is found in Iowa ? 

The coal of Iowa is bituminous, or 
what is called soft coal. 

What metals are found in Iowa ? 

None of value except lead. 

Where is lead found ? 

Large quantities of lead have been 
mined, at and in the vicinity of 
Dubuque. 

Where is Gypsum found? 

It is found in large quantities at 
Fort Dodge. 

In what form is it ? 

It is found in quarries very much 
like limestone quarries. 

What are its uses ? 

Building purposes and manufactur- 
ing plaster of paris. When reduced 
to powder it is used to fertilize lands. 







O 
GJ 

pel 
pq 

CD 



r/1 






CO 
r 

til 

o 



COUNTY GOVERNMENT OF IOWA 



37 



PART SECOND. 



COUNTY GOVERNMENT— ELECTIONS. 



LESSON L 

How many kinds of elections are there ? 

Four; general, municipal, school 
and special. 

Do they differ from each other? 

They are essentially the same as far 
as relates to the manner of conducting 
them. 

When is the general election held? 

The second Tuesday of October, 
except the years of Presidential elec- 
tion, when it is changed to the Tues- 
day next after the first Monday of 
JS^ovember. 

When is the municipal election held ? 

The first Monday in March. 

When are school elections held ? 

District Townships the first Monday 
in March, and Independent Districts 
the second Monday in March. 

What is the County Seat ? 

The place selected by the people for 
the transaction of the county business. 



By whom is the county business transacted ? 

The county officers. 

Can you name them ? 

Three Supervisors, Auditor, Clerk 
of the District and Circuit Courts, 
Treasurer, Lecorder, Sherifi", Superin- 
tendent of Schools, Surveyor, and 
Coroner. 

When are they elected? 

At the general election. 

How long do they hold their offices ? 

Supervisors three years; all others 
two years. 

LESSON IL . 

How many Supervisors are elected each year? 

One Supervisor is elected each year. 

May two Supervisors reside in the same Township ? 

Two Supervisors shall in no case 
reside in the same Township. 

What duties belong to the Board of Supervisors? 

1st, They are the county's business 
manao-ers. 

2d, They levy State and County 
taxes. 



COUNTY GOVERNMENT OF IOWA. 



3d, They examine and audit all 
accounts against the county. 

4tli, They build and keep in repair 
the county buildings. 

How often do they meet? 

On the first Monday in January, 
April, June, September, and the first 
Monday after the general election in 
each year. 

Where do they meet? 

At the County Seat. 

What books are the Board of Supervisors required 
to keep? 

1st, A " Minute Book," in which 
shall be recorded all orders and 
decisions made by them, except those 
relating to highways. 

2d, A " Highway Record," in which 
shall be recorded all proceedings 
relating to establishment, change, or 
discontinuance of highways. 

3d, A "Warrant Book," in which 
shall be entered in the order of their 
issuance, the number, date, amount, 
and name of drawee of each warrant 
drawn on the treasury. 

LESSON III. 

What duties belong to the Auditor? 

He shall be Clerk of the Board of 
Supervisors and issue all warrants 
authorized l)y them; and all county 
officers elected or appointed shall be 



reported by him to the Auditor of 
State within ten days after election 
and qualification. 

What duties belong to the Clerk of the District and 
Circuit Courts? 

Pie shall keep the records, papers 
and seals of both courts, and record 
their proceedings under the direction 
of the Judges of each court respec- 
tively. 

What duties belong to the Treasurer ? 

He shall collect all taxes at his 
oftice, take charge of the money of the 
county, and disburse the same accord- 
ing to law. 

What duties belong to the Recorder ? 

He shall record, at length, all deeds 
and other instruments in writing, 
which may be delivered to liim for 
record, in books prepared for the pur- 
pose. 

LESSON ly. 

What duties belong to the Sheriff? 

1st, He shall attend all sessions of 
the District and Circuit Courts. 

2d, He shall make arrests and serve 
all writs and other legal process issued 
by lawful authority and to him 
directed or committed. 

3d, He shall have charge of the 
jail and the prisoners lawfully com- 
mitted to it. 



COUNTY GOVERNMENT OF IOWA. 



39 



What duties belong to the County Superintendent ? 

1st, He sliall have general super- 
vision of tlie schools of the connty, 
visit them, and report to the Superin- 
tendent of Public Instruction. 

2d, He shall meet and examine 
teachers ouce in a month, and grant 
certificates to those who are qualilied 
to teach. 

3d, He shall try cases appealed 
from the district boards in his county, 
and approA'e or reverse the decisions 
rendered. 

What duties belong to the C'ounty Surveyor? 

He shall make all surveys of land 
^within his county which he may be 
called upon to make. 

LESSON Y. 

What duties belong to the Coroner? 

1st, It is the duty of the Coroner to 
perform all the duties of Sheriff when 
there is no Sheriff. 

2d, It is also the duty of the 
Coroner to hold an inquest on the 
body of any one who is su])])osed to 
have died by unlawful means, and, if 
possible, obtain the facts in the case. 

Into what are counties divided ? 

Counties are divided into Town- 
ships. 

What officers are elected in each Township? 

Three Trustees, one Clerk, one 



Assessor, two Constables, and two 
Justices of the Peace. 

What duties belong to the Trustees? 

1st, They are Judges of the general 
election. 

2d, They fix the place for holding 
elections, and order notices posted 
advertising the same. 

3d, They are overseers of the poor, 
fence viewers, and a board of equaliza- 
tion. 

LESSON" VL 

What are the duties of the Township Clerk? 

1st, He shall keep a record of the 
proceedings and orders of the Trus- 
tees. 

2d, Pie shall act as Clerk of elec- 
tions and give notice of the returns to 
the County Auditor. 

What are the duties of the Assessor? 

1st, He shall make a list of all the 
persons in his township. 

2d, He shall make a list of all the 
property in his township subject to 
taxation. 

3d, To all personal property and 
each piece of realty listed, he shall 
affix the value according to his judg- 
ment that it may be properly taxed. 

What are the duties of a Constable ? 

1st, He serves writs and summonses. 
2d, He is a preserver of the peace 



40 



COUNTY GOVERNMENT OF IOWA. 



and exj)ected to be present at elections 
for that purpose, 

od, He is the executive officer in a 
Justice's court and like duties devolve 
upon him in relation thereto, as belong 
to the sheriff in relation to the busi- 
ness of the Circuit Court. 



LESSON YII. 

What duties belong to a Justice of the Peace? 

1st, He holds court and sits as 
Judge in the trial of cases brought 
before him. 

2d, He may perform the marriage 
ceremony. 

3d, He may take the acknowledg- 
ment of deeds. 

What class of cases belong to the Justices' Court ? 

1st, The collection of debts not 
exceeding one hundred dollars. 

2d, The trial of persons arraigned 
for crime, and disturbers of the peace. 

How are the public roads or highways kept in 
order ? 

The Eoad Supervisors superintend 
all repairs upon them. 

What shall they require ? 

That all able bodied male residents 
between the ages of twenty-one and 
forty-five perform two days' labor on 
the highways, between the first day of 
April and September in each year. 



What is the penalty for failure to comply? 

Each person shall either furnish a 
satisfactory substitute or pay three 
dollars for each days' delinquency. 



LESSON YIII. 

What is a School District? 

Each township? is a School District. 

Into what arc School Districts divided? 

Into sub-districts. 

Can you name the school officers ? 

County Superintendent of schools 
for each county, and Directors of each 
School District. 

How many kinds of districts are there ? 

Township Districts (which are di- 
vided into sub-districts,) and Independ- 
ent Districts. 

For what term are sub-directors elected? 

Eor one year. 

For what term are director's of Independent Dis- 
tricts elected? 

For three years. 

How many constitute a District Township Board? 

One sub- director for each sub-dis- 
trict, and a secretary and treasurer 
selected from the district at large, 
i unlef-'S there are at least five sub-direc- 
tors in the district township, in which 
case they may be selected from the 
board. 



COUNTY GOVERNMENT OF IOWA 



41 



LESSON IX. 

How many members constitute an Independent 
District Board ? ^ 

Three nieinl)ers if there are less 
than iive hundred inhabitants, and six 
members where there are more. 

I Into what general classes are our free schools 
! divided? 

District Schools, Graded Schools 
and High Schools. 

What are District Schools? 

Schools where onl}^ the rudimentary 
branches are taught. 

What is a Graded School ? 

A school in which the course of 
study is classified, and pupils are placed 
in classes according to advancement. 

What is a High School? 

A school in which higher mathe- 
matics, and ancient and modern lan- 
guages are taught. 

LESSON X. 

Into what are Municipal Corporations divided ? 

Cities of the first class, cities of the 
second class, and incorporated towns. 

What is a city of the first class ? 

A city having at least 15,000 inhab- 
itants. 

What is a city of the second class? 

A city having more than 2,000 but 
less than 15,000 inhabitants. 



Into what are cities divided ? 

Cities are divided into wards. 

What officers, has a city of the first class ? 

A Mayor, City Council, Marshal, 
Treasurer, Auditor, Solicitor, Police 
Judge and Superintendent of the Mar- 
ket. 

What is their term of office? 

Two years, or until their successors 
are elected and qualified. 

How many members of council are chosen from 
each ward ? 

Two are chosen from each ward. 
One is elected each year and one holds 
over. 

LESSON XI. 

What duties devolve on the Mayor? 

1st, To keep the corporate seal of 
the city in his charge. 

2d, To sign all commissions, licenses 
and permits granted by authority of 
the City Council. 

3d, Also to be the chief executive 
officer and conservator of the peace, 
and cause the ordinances and regula- 
tions of the city to be faithfully and 
constantly obeyed. 

What duties devolve on the City Council ? 

1st, To audit claims against the city, 
2d, To pass ordinances (laws) for 
the government of the city. 
3d, To levy taxes. 
4th, To appoint subordinate officers. 



42 



COUNTY GOVERNMENT OF IOWA 



LESSON XIL 

What is required of the Marshal ? 

1st, To attend the courts of the 
Mayor and Police Judge. 

2d, To suppress all riots, disturb- 
ances and breaches of the peace, and 
arrest all persons detected in violating 
the laws of the City or State. 

What are the duties of Treasurer ? 

To take charge of all the money 
belonging to the city, and pay it out 
as ordered by the City Council. 

What is required of the Auditor? 

To manage the finances of the city. 

What duties are performed by the City Solicitor ? 

The City Solicitor acts as Attorney 
and Counsellor for the city. Ques- 
tions in law are submitted to him by 
the city officers for his opinion, and he 
manages the legal business in which 
the city becomes involved. 

What jurisdiction has the Police Judge ? 

1st, He has jurisdiction of all vio- 
lations of the ordinances of the city. 

2d, He has the same jurisdiction in 
all criminal cases, as is vested in Jus- 
tices of the Peace. 



3d, He may take the acknowledg- 
ment of deeds and other writings. 

LESSON XIIL 

What is required of the Superintendent of the 
Market? 

To take charge of the buildings and 
places set apart by the city, for the sale 
of fresh meat and vegetables. 

What are the officers of a city of the second class? 

Mayor, Council, Treasurer and 

Solicitor. 

What are their duties ? 

About the same as in a city of the 
1st class. 

How long do they hold office? 

The Solicitor two years, and all others 
one year. 

How many inhabitants has an Incorporated Town? 

Less than 2000. 

What are the officers of an Incorporated Town ? 

Mayor, Recorder, and five Trustees. 

What do all of these comprise ? 

They comprise the Council. 

What is their term of office ? 

One year. 



STATE GOVERNMENT OF IOWA, 



43 



PART THIRD. 



STATE GOVERNMENT. 



Note. — Parts Second and Third have been made 
up from the new Code and Part Fourth 
from the Constitution of the United States, 
The language of the law has been preserved 
as far as possible, but whenever it seemed too 
difficult to he comprehended by children, care 
has been taken to adapt it to the capacity of 
those of limited attainments. 

LESSON I. 

What ordinance is the basis of the State Govern- 
ment ? 

The Constitution of the State of 
Iowa. 

By whom was it ordained or estabhshed? 

By the people of tlie State. 

Who is entitled to the right of suffrage? 

Every male citizen of the United 
States of the age of twenty-one years, 
and a resident of this State six months 
ijiext preceding the election. 

-How long must he have lived in the county in 
which he claims his vote? 

Sixty days entitles him to vote at all 
elections authorized by law. 

How shall the vote be taken ? 

AU elections by the people shall be 
by ballot. 



How are the powers of the Government of Iowa 
divided ? 

Into three separate departments. 

What are they ? 

The Legislative, the Executive and 
the Judicial. 

In whom is the Legislative authority vested? 

The Legislative authority of this 
State shall be vested in a General As- 
sembly. 

Of what shall it consist? 

A Senate and House of Representa- 
tives. 

What shall be the slyle of every law? 

" Be it enacted by the General As- 
sembly of the State of Iowa." 

How often shall the General Assembly meet? 

The sessions of the General Assem- 
bly shall be biennial. 

When shall they commence? 

On the second Monday in January 
next ensuing the election of its mem- 
bers. 

May it be convened at any other time ? 

The Governor of the State may 
convene the General Assembly by 
proclamation. 



44 



STATE GOVERNMENT OF IOWA, 



LESSON II. 

By whom shall the members of the House of Rep- 
resentatives be chosen ? 

By the qualified electors of their 
respective districts. 

How often? 

Every second year. 

When? 

On the second Tuesday in October, 
except the years of Presidential Elec- 
tion, when it shall be the Tuesday next 
after the first Monday in JSTovember. 

When shall their term of office commence? 

On the first day of January next 
after their election. 

How long shall it continue ? 

Two years, and until their successors 
are elected and qualified. 

What qualifications are required for becoming a 
Representative ? 

1st, A Representative must be at 
least twenty-one years old, and a citi- 
zen of the United States. 

2d, He must be an inhabitant of 
this State one year next preceding his 
election. 

3d, He must have an actual resi- 
dence of sixty days in the county or 
district he is chosen to represent. 

For what term shall Senators be chosen ? When ? 

The term of four years, and at the 
same time and place as Representa- 
tives. 



What qualifications are required for becoming a 
Senator? 

1st, He must be twenty-five years 
old and a citizen of the United States. 

2d, He must be an inhabitant of 
this State one year next preceding his 
election. 

3d, He must have an actual resi- 
dence of sixty days in the county or 
district he is chosen to represent. 

LESSON III. 

To what is the number of Senators limited? 

They shall not be less than one- 
third, nor more than one-half the 
Representative body. 

Into how many classes shall they be divided ? 

Into two equal classes, so that one- 
half of them shall be elected every 
two years. 

By whom are the officers of the General Assembly 
chosen ? 

Each House shall choose its own 
officers. 

How many of each House constitutes a quorum ? 

A majority of each House shall 
constitute a quorum to transact busi- 
ness. 

How are the proceedings of each House made 
public? 

Each House shall keep a journal of 
its proceedings and publish the 
same. 



STATE GOVERNMENT OF IOWA 



45 



If a member thinks an act or resolution injurious to 
the public or an individual, what liberty may he 
have? 

To dissent from or protest against 
it, and have the reasons for his dissent 
entered on the jonrnaL 

When must the yeas and nays be called on any 
question? 

When any two members present 
desire it. 

May members of the General Assembly be arrested? 

Senators and Eepresentatives, ex- 
cept for treason, felony or breach of 
the peace, shjill be privileged from 
arrest during the session, and in going 
to and returning from the same. 

LESSOR lY. 

How are vacancies in either House to be filled? 

When vacancies occur in either 
Plouse, the Governor shall issue writs 
of election to fill such vacancies. 

How are the doors kept ? 

The doors of each House shall be 
open, except on occasions which, in 
the opinion of the House, secrecy is 
required. 

For what length of time may either House adjourn? 

Neither House shall, without the 
consent of the other, adjourn for more 
than three days. 

Where do bills originate ? 

In either House, and may be amend- 
ed, altered, or rejected by the other. 



By whom must bills be signed when passed by both 
Houses ? 

By the Speaker or President of their 
respective Houses. 

By whom before they become a law? 

Every bill passed by the General 
Assembly shall, l)efore it becomes a 
law, be presented to the Governor for 
his approval and signature. 

What must he do if he does not approve? 

He shall return it with his objections, 
to the House in which it originated. 

What : hall they do with it ? 

Enter it upon their Journal, and 
proceed to re-consider it. 

What vote will then make it a law, notwithstanding 
the Governor's objections? 

A vote of a majority of two-thirds 
of the members of each House, in the 
affirmative. 

LESSOR Y. 

How long may the Governor retain a bill ? 

H' not returned within three days, 
(Sunday excepted,) it shall be a law in 
like manner as if he had signed it, 
unless the General Assembly,' by ad- 
journment, prevented such return. 

When, and how, may the Governor decide upon 
any bills submitted to him, within three days of 
the close of the session ? 

The bill shall be deposited by him 
in the office of the Secretary of State, 
within thirty days after the adjourn- 
ment, with his approval or disapproval. 



46 



STATE GOVERNMENT OF IOWA. 



What vote is necessary to pass a bill ? 

A majority of all of the members 
elected to each branch, of the General 
Assembly. 

When shall the question on the final passage be 
taken ? 

Immediately on its last reading, 
j and the yeas and nays entered upon 
i the Journal. 

What is required to be attached to, and published 
with the laws at every regular session of the Gen- 
eral Assembly ? 

An accurate statement of the receipts 
and expenditures of tlie public money. 

In whom is the power of impeachment vested ? 

The House of Representatives shall 
have the sole power of preferring 
charges of impeachment. 

Who shall try impeachments? 

The Senate. 

What vote is required for conviction ? 

ISTo person shall be convicted with- 
out the concurrence of two-thirds of 
the members present. 

What officers are liable to impeachment? 

The Governor, Judges of the Su- 
preme and District Courts, and other 
State officers are liable to impeach- 
ment, for any misdemeanor or mal- 
feasance in office. 

What shall j\idgmcnt embrace in such cases? 

Only removal from office, and dis- 
qualification to hold any office of honor, 
trust or profit in this State. 



May a party convicted or acquitted, be tried also 
by civil process. 

The party is also liable to indict- 
ment, trial and punishment according 
to law. 

LESSON YI. 

What restrictions are placed on drawing money out 
of the Treasury? 

N^o money shall be drawn from the 
Treasury, but in consequence of appro- 
priations made by law. 

What compensation shall the members of the Gen- 
eral Assembly receive ? 

Five hundred and fifty dollars for 
the regular session, and three dollars 
for every twenty miles traveled in 
going to, and returning from, the place 
where the session is held, by the near- 
est traveled route. 

When shall the laws passed by the General Assem- 
bly take effect? 

Those of a general nature shall take 
effect on the 4th of July, next after 
their passage. 

When shall laws take effect, that are passed at a 
special session ? 

Ninety days after adjournment. 

When shall laws of immediate importance take 
effect ? 

The General Assembly may provide 
that such laws take effect, after publi- 
cation in the newspapers of the 
State. 



STATE GOVERNMENT OF IOWA 



47 



LESSOK YII. 

May lotteries be permitted in Iowa? 

No lottery shall be authorized by 
this State, nor the sale of their tickets 
allowed. 

What must all laws be, as far as possible ? 

All laws shall be general and of uni- 
form operation throughout the State. 

When shall a law changing the boundary lines of 
any county take effect ? 

Not until submitted to the people 
of the counties aiFected by the change, 
at a general election and it shall be 
approved by a majority of the votes in 
each county, cast for and against. 

What oath or affirmation are the members of the 
General Assembly required to take, before they 
enter upon the duties of their respective offices? 

" I do solemnly swear, (or affirm as 
the case may be,) that I will support 
the Constitution of the United States, 
and the Constitution of the State of 
Iowa, and that I will faithfully dis- 
charge the duties of Senator, (or Eep- 
resentative, as the case may be,) accord- 
ing to the best of my ability." 

When shall the census of this State be taken? 

In 1875, and every ten years there- 
after, the General Asseml^ly shall 
cause an enumeration to be made of 
all the inliabitants of the State. 

To what number of members are the Senate and 
House of Representatives limited? 

The Senate shall not consist of more 



than 50 members, and House of Rep- 
resentatives of more than 100 mem- 
bers. 

How shall the vote be taken in elections, by the 
General Assembly ? 

Members shall vote viva-voce, and 
the votes shall be entered on the 
Journal. 

In whom is the Supreme Executive Power of this 
State vested ? 

In a Chief Magistrate, who shall be 
styled the Go^'ernor of the State of 
Iowa. 

When shall he be elected? 

At the time and place, of voting for 
members of the General Assembly. 

What shall be his term of office ? 

Two years from the time of his in- 
stallation, and until his successor is 
elected and qualified. 



LESSON VIII. 

When shall the Lieutenant-Governor be elected ? 

At the same time as the Governor. 

What shall be done with the returns when a Gov- 
ernor and Lieutenant-Governor are voted for ? 

Tliey shall be sealed up and trans- 
mitted to the Seat of Government of 
the State, directed to the Speaker of 
the House of Representatives, who 
shall open and publish them in the 
presence of the General Assembly. 



STATE GOVERNMENT OF IOWA. 



Who shall be declared elected? 

The persons respectively having the 
highest mnmber of votes for Governor 
and Lieutenant-Governor, shall be de- 
clared duly elected. 

In case of a tie vote what shall be done ? 

The General Assembly shall by joint 
vote, forthwith proceed to elect one of 
said persons Governor or Lieutenant- 
Governor, as the case may be. 

By whom shall contested elections for Governor and 
Lieutenant-Governor, be determined? 

By the General Assembly, in such 
manner as may be prescribed by law. 

What qualifications are required for becoming Gov- 
ernor or Lieutenant-Governor? 

1st, He must be a citizen of the 
United States. 

2d, He must have been a resident 
of this State, two years next preced- 
ing the election. 

3d, He must have attained the age 
of thirty, at the time of said election. 

What military position does the office of Governor 
confer? 

The Governor shall be Commander- 
in-Chief of the militia, the army and 
navy of this State. 

LESSON IX. 

What vacancy may the Governor fill by granting 
a commission? 

When any office shall become vacant, 
and no mode is provided by the 



constitution and laws for filling such 
vacancy, the Governor shall have 
power to fill such vacancy. 

How often shall he communicate by message to the 
General Assembly ? 

At every regular session he shall 
communicate the condition of the 
State, and recommend such matters as 
he may deem expedient. 

On what grounds may tlie Governor adjourn the 
General Assembly ? 

If the two houses cannot agree on 
a time of adjournment, the Governor 
shall have power to adjourn them to 
such time as he may think proper, 
providing it is not beyond the time of 
the next regular meeting of the Gen- 
eral Assembly. 

When shall the official term of the Governor and 
Lieutenant-Governor commence ? 

On the second Monday of January, 
next after their election. 

What compensation shall the Lieutenant-Governor 
receive while presiding in the Senate ? 

The same mileage and double the 
per diem pay provided for a Senator, 
and none other. 

What judicial power is vested in the Governor? 

The Governor shall have power to 
grant reprieves, commutations and 
pardons after conviction, for all offences 
except treason, and in cases of im- 
peachment, subject to such regulations 
as may be provided by law. 



STATE GOVERNMENT OF IOWA. 



49 



By whom shall the seal of the State be used ? 

There shall be a seal of tliis State, 
which shall be kept bj the Governor, 
and nsed by him offieiallj, and shall 
be called the great seal of the State of 
Iowa. 

How and by whom are commissions granted ? 

All grants and commissions shall be 
in the name, and by the authority of 
the people of the State of Iowa, sealed 
with the great seal of the State, signed 
by the Governor, and countersigned 
by the Secretary of State. 



LESSON X. 

For what term shall the Secretary, Auditor and 
Treasurer of State be elected ? 

Tliey shall be elected by the quali- 
fied electors, and continue in office two 
years, or until their successors are 
elected. 

In what shall the judicial power be vested? 

In the Supreme Court, District 
and Circuit Courts, and such other 
courts, inferior to these, as the General 
Assembly may, from time to time 
establish. 

How many Judges constitute the Supreme Court? 

Four: three of whom are a quorum 
to hold court. 

By whom are the Judges of the Supreme Court 
elected ? 

By the qualified electors of the State. 
7 



How are they classified ? 

So that their term of office shall 
expire in different years. 

Who shall be Chief Justice? 

The Judge having the shortest time 
to serve. 

For what important object was the Supreme Court 
constituted ? 

For the correction of errors in law 
actions, and trial on apjDcal, of equity 
causes. 

What is this court empowered to do ? 

This court is empowered to issue 
all writs, and processes necessary to 
secure justice to parties. 

LESSON XI. 

Of what shall the District Court consist? 

One Judge, who shall be elected by 
the qualified electors, of the district in 
which he resides. 

Ho\v long shall he hold his office ? 

The District Judge shall hold his 
office four years. 

What is the jurisdiction of the District Court ? 

It is a court of law and equity, and 
shall have jurisdiction in civil and 
criminal matters arising in the District. 

What shall the style of all processes be ? 

" The State of Iowa." 

How shall all prosecutions be conducted ? 

In the name and by the authority of 
?' The State of Iowa." 



so 



STATE GOVERNMENT OF IOWA 



Of what shall the Circuit Court consist? 

One Jud^e, who shall he elected hy 
the qualified electors of the Judicial 
District in which he resides. 

How long shall he hold his office? 

Four years. 

What jurisdiction belongs exclusively to the Circuit 
Court ? 

It shall have exclusive jurisdiction 
in all prohate business, and in appeals 
and writs of error from inferior courts, 
tribunals or officers. 

What shall be the salary of each Judge of the 
Supreme Court, the District and Circuit Court? 

The salary of each Judge of the 
Supreme Court, shall be $4,000 per 
annum, and 15 cents per mile for dis- 
tance traveled : the salary of District 
and Circuit Judges, shall each be 
$2,200 per annum. 

When shall these Judges be chosen? 

The Judges of the Supreme, District 
and Circuit Courts, shall be chosen at 
the general election. 

When shall the term of office of each commence ? 

On tlie 1st of January, next after 
his election. 

LESSON" XII. 

By whom shall the Attorney-General be elected ? 

By the people. 

For how long ? 

Two years. 



What are the duties of Attorney-General? 

He shall attend in j^erson the sessions 
of the General Assembly and Supreme 
Court, and appear for the State, pros- 
ecute and defend all actions and pro- 
ceedings, ciA'il and criminal, in which 
the State shall be a party, when re- 
quested to do so by the Governor, or 
General Assembly. 

By whom shall the District-Attorney be elected ? 

By the qualified electors of the 
District. 

What is the length of his term of office ? 

Four years. 

What are the duties of the District- Attorney ? 

It is his duty to appear for the State, 
and the several counties composing 
his district, in all cases in which 
they are interested that come before the 
District and Circuit Courts of his dis- 
trict. 

Of whom shall the militia of the State be com- 
posed ? 

All able bodied male citizens, 

between the ages of 18 and 45 

years, except such as are by law 
exempt. 

How shall officers of the Militia be elected? 

All commissioned officers of militia 
(staff officers excepted,) shall be elected 
by those liable to perform military 
duty, and shall be commissioned by 
the Governor. 



STATE GOVERNMENT OF IOWA. 



51 



LESSON XIIL 

How are Corporations created ? 

The General Assembly shall provide 
by general laws, for the organization j 
of all corporations to be created. \ 

Is the property of Corporations taxable? 

Tlie property of all Corporations 
for pecnniary profit, shall be subject 
to taxation the same as that of indi- 
viduals. 

May the State take stock in a (Corporation ? 

Tlie State shall not become a stock- 
holder in any (corporation, nor assume 
to pay the debt or liability of any 
Corporation, unless incurred in time 
of war lor the benefit of the State. 

What Corporations are forbidden being stock- 
holders in banks ? 

No Political or Municipal Corpora- 
tion shall become a stockholder in 
any Banking Corporation, directly or 
indirectly. 

Who shall control the School Fund and School 
Lands? 

The educational, and school funds 
and lands, shall be under the control 
and management of the General As- 
sembly of this State. 

What shall be done with the University Lands ? 

The University Lands, and the pro- 
ceeds thereof, and all moneys belong- 
ing to said fund, shall be a jjermanent 



fund for the sole use of the State Uni- 
versity. 

What shall be done with the interest? 

The interest arising from the same, 
shall be annually appropriated for the 
support and benefit of said University. 

LESSON XIY. 

How shall the General Assembly promote the edu- 
cational interests of the State? 

Tlie proceeds of all lands that have 
been, or hereafter may be, granted by 
the United States to tliis State, for the 
support of schools, which may have 
been, or shall hereafter be sold or dis- 
posed of, and all estates of deceased 
persons who may have died without 
leaving a will or heir, and also such 
per cent, as has been or may hereafter 
be granted by Congress, on the sale of 
lands in the State, shall be, and remain 
a perpetual fund, the interest of which, 
toirether with all rents of the imsold 
lands, and such other means as the 
General Assembly may j)rovide, shall 
be inviolably appropriated to the sup- 
port of common schools throughout 
the State. 

What shall be done with money paid for exemption 
from military duty, and fines collected for breach 
of penal laws ? 

They shall go to the support of the 
common schools, in proportion to the 
number of youths subject to enumer- 
ation in such districts. 



52 



STATE GOVERNMENT OF IOWA, 



What shall be done with lands reserved or granted 
from whomsoever, for the use of the State Uni- 
versity ? 

The General Assembly shall take 
measures for the protection, improve- 
ment or other disposition of such lands, 
and the funds accruing from the rents 
or sale thereof, shall remain a perma- 
nent fund, the interest of which shall 
be applied to the support of said Uni- 
versity. 

Where is the State University located? 

At Iowa City. 

Who are the financial agents of the School Funds? 

They shall be the same, that by law 
receive and control the State and county 
revenue, for other civil purposes, under 
such regulation as may be provided 
by law. 

LESSON XY. 



How shall the money for the support and mainte- 
nance of common schools be distributed ? 

In proportion of youths, between 
the ages of five and twenty-one years. 

To what shall the jurisdiction of Justices ot the 
Peace extend ? 

All civil cases (except cases in chan- 
cery, and cases where the title to real 
estate may arise,) wliere the amount in 
controversy does not exceed $100. By 
consent of parties, however, the amount 
may be extended to 300. 



What is the minimum size of any county hereafter 
to be created ? 

Ko new county shall be hereafter 
created containing less than 433 square 
miles; nor shall the territory of any 
organized county be reduced below 
that area. 

Are there any exceptions to the above limits? 

Excc])t the county of Worth, and 
the counties west of it along the north- 
ern boundary of this State, which may 
be organized without additional terri- 
tory. 

To what amount may a county be<;ome indebted? 

No county or other Political or 
Municipal Corj)oration, shall be allow- 
ed to become indebted in any manner 
or for any purpose, to an amount in 
the aggregate, exceeding five per cen- 
tum on the value of tlie taxable prop- 
erty, within such county or corpora- 
tion. 

Wliat oath must every officer in the State take? 

Before entering upon the duties of 
the office, he shall take an oath or 
affirmation to support the Constitution 
of the United States, and of this State, 
and also an oath of office. 

How shall vacancies in office be filled? 

Only for the imexpired term, wheth- 
er it be by election or apyjointment. 

Where is the Seat of Government permanently 
located ? 

It is fixed by law at Des Moines. 



FEDERAL GOVERNMENT. 



53 



PART FOURTH. 



FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, 



LESSON I, 



What ordinance is the basis of the Federal Govern- 
ment ? 

Tli3 Constitution of the United 
States. 

By whom was it ordained or established ? 

By the j^eople. 

For what purpose ? 

To promote the general welfare, and 
secure the blessings of liberty to our- 
selves and our posterity. 

Who, alone, has the power of making laws under 
the Constitution ? 

The Congress of the United States. 

What two bodies compose it? 

The Senate and House of Kepre- 
sentatives. 

By whom are members of the House of Repre- 
sentatives chosen? 

By the people of the several States. 

For what length of time ? 

They are elected for two years. 



What qualifications are required of a Representa- 
tive when elected ? 

1st, He must have been a citizen of 
the United States seven years. 

2d, He must be at least twenty -five 
years old. 

3d, He must be an inliabitant of the 
State from which he is chosen. 

How many Representatives is each State entitled to? 

The number of Representatives sliall 
not exceed one for every thirty thous- 
and inhabitants. 

May a State be deprived of Representatioa for 
want of sufficient inhabitants? 

Each State sIilJI have at least one 
Lepresentative. 

LESSOIS^ 11. 

For what purpose shall the United States census be 
taken ? 

For the purpose of apportioning 
Representatives, and the direct taxes 
among the several States of the 
Union. 

How often shall the UnMcd States census be taken ? 

Every ten years. 



54 



FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, 



When vacancies occur in tlic Representation from 
any State, how arc they to be filled ? 

The Governor shall issue writs of 
election to lill such vacancies. | 

How are the officers of the House of Representa- 
tives appointed? I 

The House of Eepresentatives shall 
choose a speaker and other officers. 

To whom belongs the power of impeachment? 

The House of Representatives. 

To how many Senators is each State enti.led? 

Two United States Senators. 

By whom are they chosen ? 

By the Legislature thereof. 

What is their term of office? 

Six years. 

Into how many classes are they divided ? 

Three: so that one-third may he 
chosen e^'ery second year. 

When vacancies occur in the Senate, how are they 
to be filled ? 

The Executive shall make temporary 
appointments, until the next meeting 
of the Legislature, which shall then 
till such vacancies. 

LESSON III. 

What qualifications are required of a Senator, when 
elected? 

1st, He mnst have been a citizen of 
: the United States nine years. 

2d, lie must be at least thirty years 
old. 

Sd, lie must be an inhabitant of 



the State, from which he is chosen. 

Who shall be President of the Senate ? 

The Vice-President of the United 
States. 

By whom are the other officers in the Senate chosen ? 

Tlie Senate shall choose their other 
officers. 

By whom shall all impeachments be tried ? 

The Senate shall \\a\e sole power to 
try all impeachments. 

What shall judgment in cases of impeachment 
involve ? 

Removal from office and disqualifi- 
cation to hold any office of honor, trust 
or profit, under the United States. 

Is the person convicted subject to further legal 
process? 

The person is suljject to indictment, 
trial, judgment and punishment accord- 
ing to law. 

How often must Congress assemble? 

E^ery year on the first Monday in 
December. 

LESSON IV. 

By whom shall the elections for Senators and Rep- 
resentatives be determined? 

Etich House shall be the judge of 
the elections, returns and (pialilications 
of its own meml)ers. 

How many must be present to transact business ? 

A majority of each House shall 
constitute a quorum to transact bus- 
iness. 



FEDERAL GOVERNMENT. 



55 



Hou- long may either House adjourn without the 
consent of the other ? 

Kot moi'e than three days. 

I From what source do Senators and Representatives 
draw pay for their services ? 

I Out of the Treasury of the United 
States. 

For what crimes are Senators and Representatives 
privileged from arrest, during the sessions of their 
I respective Houses? 

They shall in all cases, except for 
treason, felony, and breach of the peace, 
be j^riv'ileged from arrest during their 
attendance at the session of their re- 
spective Houses, and in going to, and 
returning from tlie same. 

What restrictions are placed upon Senators and 
Representatives, in regard to civil office ? 

No Senator or Representative shall, 
during the time for which he was 
elected, be appointed to any civil office 
under the authority of the United 
States, which shall have been created 
during such time. 

LESSOX Y. 

Where do all bills for raising revenue originate ? 

In the House of Ilepresentatives. 

Wliat action may the Senate take in reference to 
such bills? 

The Senate may propose, or C(^ucur 
with amendments, as on other bills. 

What is necessary after the Senate and House of 
Representatives have passed a bill, before it be- 
comes a law ? 

It must be presented to the President 



of the United States; if he ap- 
prove, he shall sign it, but if not he 
shall return it with his objections to 
the House in which it originated, who 
shall proceed to reconsider it. 

What will then be necessary to make it a law? 

If on reconsideration, a vote of two- 
thirds of the House and two-thirds of 
the Senate approve, it shall become a 
law. 

How long may the President keep a bill before 
returning it ? 

A bill is considered approved if not 
returned within ten days, and shall be 
a law in like manner as if he liad 
signed it. 

Doe? it always become a law if not returned in ten 
days ? 

If Congress by adjournment prevent 
its return, it does not become a law. 

LESSON VI. 

Must all bills be presented to the President for 
approval ? 

They must; and no bill can become 
a law, unless approved by him, or in 
opposition to his rejection of it, is 
re-passed by a two-thirds vote in the 
Senate, and also in the House of Kep- 
resentatives. 

For what objects has vDongress the power to levy 
and collect taxes? 

To 2)ay tlie debts and provide for 
the common defence, and general wel- 
fare of the United States. 



56 



FEDERAL GOVERNMENT 



How shall this be done throughout the United 
States ? 

The taxes, duties, imposts and ex- 
cises, shall be uniform throughout the 
United States, 

When funds are needed what may be done ? 

Money may he borrowed on the 
credit of the United States. 

With whom has Congress the power to regulate 
commerce? 

"With foreign nations, among the sev- 
eral States and with the Indian tribes. 

What duties devolve upon Congress relating to nat- 
uralization, bankruptcies, coining of money, pun- 
ishing counterfeiters and establishing post-offices? 

1st, Congress has power to establish 
a uniform rule of naturalization, and 
uniform law'S on the subject of bank- 
ruptcies in the United States. 

2d, To coin money, regulate its value, 
and fix the standard of weights and 
measures. 

3d, To ])rovide for the punishment 
of counterfeiting the securities, and 
current coin of the United States. 

4th, To establish post-offices and 
post-roads. 

LESSON YII. 

How are authors and inventors encouraged? 

By copy-rights and patent-rights, 
securing to them for a limited time 
the exclusive right to their writings 
and discoveries. 



What other powers has Congress? 

1st, To declare war. 

2d, To raise and support armies. 

3d, To provide and maintain a navy. 

4th, To 2>rovide for calling forth the 
militia to execute the laws, suppress 
insurrections and repel invasions. 

5th, To provide, for organizing, 
arming and disciplining the militia. 

May articles exported from any State be taxed ? 

No tax or duty shall be laid on ar- 
ticles exported from any State. 

How shall commerce and revenue be regulated ? 

They shall be regulated so that no 
preference shall be given the ports of 
one State, over those of another. 

How alone can money be legally drawn from the 
Treasury? 

Money can only be drawn in con- 
sequence of approjiriations made by 
law. 

What kind of distinctions cannot be granted by the 
United States? 

No title of nobility shall be granted 
by the United States. 

LESSON YIII. 

In whom is the Executive Pov/er vested? 

In the President of the United 

States. 

What is the term of office of the President and Vice- 
President ? 

Four years. 



FEDERAL GOVERNMENT. 



57 



To how many Electors is each State entitled? 

Each state is entitled to a number 
of Electors, equal to the whole number 
of Senators and Representatives, to 
which it is entitled in Congress. 

What persons cannot be appointed Electors ? 

1^0 Senator or Representative, or 
person holding an office of trust or 
profit, under the United States, shall 
be appointed an Elector. 

Where shall the Electors meet ? 

In their respective States, 

How shall they vote, and for how many persons ? 

They shall vote bj ballot for two 
persons. 

How shall these ballots be named? 

One shall name the person voted 
for as President, and the other as Yice- 
President. 

May they both be residents of the same State? 

One at least shall not be an inhabit- 
ant of the same State with them- 
selves. 



LESSON IX. 



To whom shall the votes of the several States be 
sent? 

The vote of each State shall be sign- 
ed, certified, sealed and sent to the Seat 
of Government, to the President of 
the Senate. 



In whose presence shnll the votes be opened and 
counted? 

The Senate and House of Represen- 
tatives. 

Who shall be President ? 

The person having the greatest num- 
ber of votes for President shall be the 
President, if such number be a major- 
ity of the whole number of electors 
api^ointed. 

If no person have such majority, how shall choice 
be determined ? 

The ITouse of Representatives shall 
choose by ballot from those having 
the largest number, not exceeding 
three. 

How is the choice for Vice-Presiilent deter- 
mined ? 

The person having the greatest 
number of votes for Yice-President 
shall be the Yice-President, if such 
mimber be a majority of the whole 
number of electors appointed. 

If no person have such majority, how shall choice 
be determined ? 

The House of Representatives shall 
choose by ballot, from the two having 
the largest number on the list. 

Who has the power to fix the time of choosing 
electors ? 

Congress may determine the time of 
choosing the electors, and the day 
on which they shall give in their 
vote. 



58 



FEDERAL GOVERNMENT 



LESSON X. 

What qualifications are required for becoming Pres- 
ident of the United States ? 

1st, He must be a natural born citi- 
zen, and bave been a resident of tbe 
United States fourteen years. 

2d, He must be at least tliirtj-five 
years old. 

Under what circumstances do the duties of the office 
of President devolve on the Vice-President ? 

In case of death, resignation or re- 
moval from office, the duties of Presi- 
dent shall devolve on the Yice-Pres- 
ident. 

In case of inability, on the part of the Vice-Presi- 
dent, to act what shall be done ? 

The Senate shall declare what officer 
shall then act as President, and such 
officer shall act accordingly, until the 
disability is removed or a President 
shall be elected. 

Before entering on the execution of his office, what 
oath or affirmation shall be taken ? 

"I do solemnly swear (or affirm,) 
that I will faithfully execute the office 
of President of the United States, and 
will to the best of my ability, preserve, 
23rotect and defend the Constitution of 
the United States." 

LESSON XI. 

In what relation does the President stand to the 
Army and Navy ? 

The President shall be Couimander- 



iu-Chief of the army and navy of the 
United States. 

How can the opinions of his principal officers be 
obtained? 

He may require the opinion in wilt- 
ing, of the principal officers in each of 
the Executive Departments, upon any 
subject relating to the duties of their 
respective offices. 

For what offenses may he grant reprieves and par- 
dons ■' 

He shall have power to grant re- 
prieves and pardons for ofienses against 
the United States, except in cases of 
impeachment. 

Under what circumstances may the President make 
treaties ? 

He shall have power by and with 
the advice and consent of the Senate, 
to make treaties, provided two-thirds 
of the members of the Senate present 
concur. 



LESSOX XII. 

What appointments are made by the President? 

Embassadors, public Ministers and 
Consuls, Judges of the Supreme Court, 
and all other officers of the United 
States not otherwise provided for. 

How are these appointments made ? 

"With the advice and consent of the 
Senate. 



FEDERAL GOVERNMENT 



59 



How are all vacancies filled dviriiig the recess of the 
Senate ? 

The President vsliall luive power to 
till sueli vacancies by gninting- com- 
missions, wliicli shall expire at the end 
of their next session. 

Whose duty is it to enforce the laws? 

The President shall take care that 
the laws be faithlnlly executed. 

By whom are ofificers commissioned ? 

The President shall commission all 
the officers of the United States. 

In whom is the Judicial Power of the llnited States 
vested ? 

In the Sujjreme Court, and such 
inferior courts as Congress maj ordain 
or establish. 

How long shall the Judges of these courts hold 
their offices ? 

The Judges both of the Supreme 
and Inferior C^ourts of the United 
States, shall hold their offices during 
ffood behavior. 

What cases shall be tried by jury ? 

The trial of all crimes except in cases 
of impeachment shall be by jury. 

In what State shall they be tried? 

In the State where the crimes were 
committed. 

When not committed in any State, where shall trial 
be had ? 

Trial shall be at such place or places 
as Congress may have directed. 



LESSON XIII. 

Of what does treason consist? 

Levying war against the United 
States, or in adhering to their enemies, 
giving them aid and comfort. 

What is required to convict a person of treason ? 

The testimony of two witnesses, to 
the same overt act, or confession in 
open court. 

Who fixes the punishment for treason ? 

Congress shall have power to declare 
the punisliment of treason. 

May a criminal find safety by escapmg from the 
State, in which his crimes were committed? 

On demand of the Executive Author- 
ity of the State from which he fled, he 
shall be delivered up, to be removed to 
the State having jurisdiction of the 
crime. 

What provision is made for amending the Consti- 
tution? 

The Congress, whenever two-thirds 
of both Houses shall deem it necessary, 
shall propose amendments to the Con- 
stitution, or on application of the leg- 
islatures of two-thirds of the several 
States, shall call a convention for pro- 
posing amendments, which in either 
case, shall be valid to all intents and 
l^urposes as part of the Constitution, 
when ratified by the legislatures of 
three-foiu-ths of the States, or by con- 
ventions in three-fourths thereof, 



6o 



FEDERAL GOVERNMENT. 



whichever mode of ratification is pro- 
posed by the Congress. 

What oaths shall all Senators and Representatives^ 
members of State Legislatures, Executive and 
Judicial Officers of the United States, and several 
States, be bound by? 

By oath or affirmation to support 
the Constitution. 

Shall any religious qualification be required for 
ofificers ? 

No religious test shall ever be re- 
quired as a qualification for any office 
or public trust, under the United 
States. 

LESSOR XIY. 

AMENDMENTS. 

What rights are guaranteed to every person in the 
United States ? 

Freedom of speech or of the press, 
and the free exercise of religious opin- 
ions. 

In time of peace may soldiers be quartered in pri- 
vate houses? 

Kot without the consent of the 
owners. 

May they in time of war ? 

Only in a manner prescribed by law. 

Are the people secure against unreasonable searches 
and seizures? 

Their rights in their persons, houses, 
papers and effects, against unreason- 
able searches and seizures, shall not be 
violated. 



Upon what authority shall warrants be issued ? 

No warrants shall issue but upon 
probable causes, supported by oath or 
affirmation, and particularly describ- 
ing the place to be searched, and the 
23ersons or things to be seized. 

la what manner only can a person be held to an- 
swer for a crime ? 

No person shall be held to answer 
for a capital, or otherwise infamous 
crime, unless on a presentment or in- 
dictment of a Grand Jury. 

What exceptions to this rule may be stated ? 

Except in cases arising in the land 
or naval forces, or in the militia, when 
in actual service, in time of war or 
public danger. 

LESSON XY. 

How often may a person be arraigned for the same 
offense ? 

No person for the same offense for 
which he has been tried, shall again 
be put in jeopardy of life or limb. 

Can a person be required to testify against himself? 

He shall not be compelled, in any 
criminal case, to be a witness against 
himself. 

What are his inalienable rights? 

Life, liberty and property, except 
when deprived of them by due process 
of law 

Can private property be taken for public use ? 

Not without just compensation. 



FEDERAL GOVERNMENT 



6i 



In what way must criminal prosecutions be tried? 

By an impartial jmy of the State, 
and district wherein the crime was 
committed. 

What privileges shall the accused have ? 

Compulsory process for obtaining 
witnesses in his favor, and the assist- 
ance of counsel for his defence. 

In what suits is the right of trial by jury preserved? 

"Where the value in controversy shall 
exceed $20. 

How are bail, fines and punishments restricted? 

Excessive bail shall not be required 
nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel 
and unusual punishment inflicted. 

LESSON^ XYI. 

What is forbidden to exist in the United States, and 
all places subject to their jurisdiction ? 

Slavery and involuntary servitude, 
except as a punishment for crime, of 
which the party has been duly con- 
victed. 

How shall this be enforced ? 

Congress shall have power to enforce 
this Article l)y appropriate legislation. 

Who are citizens of the United States? 

All persons born or naturalized in 
the United States, and subject to the 
jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the 
United States, and of the State where- 
in they reside. 



What three things are the States forbidden to do 
regarding citizens of the United States ? 

1st, 'No State shall make or enforce 
any law which shall abridge the priv- 
ileges or immunities of citizens of the 
United States. 

2d, Nor shall any State deprive any 
person of life, liberty or property with- 
out due process of law. 

3d, ]N^or deny to any person within 
its jurisdiction the equal protection of 
the laws. 

How are Representatives in Congress to be appor- 
tioned among the several States ? 

Representatives shall be apportioned 
among the several States, according to 
their respective numbers, counting 
their whole numl)er of persons in each 
State, excluding Indians not taxed. 

LESSOjS^ XYII. 

If the right to vote is denied male inhabitants 21 
years of age, how is representation affected ? 

AVhen the right to vote for Electors 
for President and Vice-President, Eep- 
resentatives in Congress, the Executive 
and Judicial Officers of a State, or the 
members of the Legislature thereof, is 
denied to any male inhabitant of such 
State over 21 years of age, the basis of 
representation therein shall be reduced 
proportionately. 

Is there any exception to this rule ? 

Except for particijxiti on in rebellion 
or other crimes. 



62 



FEDERAL GOVERNMENT. 



Who are disqualified from holding any office under 
the United States, or under any State ? 

No person shall be a Senator or Rep- 
resentative in Congress, or Elector of 
President and Vice-President, or hold 
any office civil or military nnder the 
United States, or nnder any State, Vvdio 
having pi-evionsly taken an oath as a 
State or Federal Officer, to support the 
Constitution of the United States, 
shall have engaged in insurrection or 
rebellion against the same, or given 
aid or comfort to the enemies thereof. 

How has this disibility been removed ? 

Congress by a vote of two-thirds 
(or more) of each House, has removed 
this disability. 

Is the validity of the public debt established ? 

The validity of the public debt of 
the United States authorized by law, 



including dclits incurred for the pay- 
ment of pensions and bounties, for 
services in suppressing insurrection or 
rebellion, shall not be questioned. 

In distinction from these, what debts and claims are 
held illegal and void ? 

Neither the United States, nor any 
State, shall assume or pay any debt or 
obligation incurred in aid of insurrec- 
tion or rebellion against the United 
States, or any chiim for the loss or 
emancipation of any slaves, but all 
such debts, obligations and claims, 
shall be held illegal and void. 

May the right to vote be denied or abridged on 
account of race or color ? 

The right of citizens of the United 
States to vote, shall not be denied or 
abridged by the ITnited States, or by 
any State, on account of race, color, 
or previous condition of servitude. 




LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



016 093 937 0« 



LARGE WALL MAP OF IOWA Fun oi^nuuLo, 

Price, $12.00, Published by Mills & Co., Bes Moines, Iowa. 



Dkpartment OF Public Instruction, ) 
Des Moines, April 2, -1873. j 

- Messrs. Mills & .Co. ; — I wish that your Map might be generally introduced into the public schools, 
and believe that funds used for diis purpose by school officor«, v.ould prove an excellent investment. 

Yours truly, .\LONZO ABERNETHY. 

CLASS BOOK OF GEOGRAPHY OF IOWA, 

-VND 

Comity, State, Mild Fedei^al (Toverniijent, 

.\DAPTEI) TO 

MILLS & CO.'S ^A^ALL MAP OF IOWA, Price, 60 cents. 



Price List of Books and Blanks for District Townships and Independent School Districts. 



Teacher's Daily Register— 1st size, $4.00 ; 2d, $2.00 ; 
3d, $1 ; 4th, 50 cents. 

Qass Book — First size. 75 cents; pocket size, 30 
tents. 

Report Card— $1.00 per 100. 

School District Record — For District Secretary; 
containing nine different forms with printed 
headings, §(>.,i0. 

Order Bgok— Nicely lithographed, with filing and 
receipt on the back of each order, put up in sepa- 
rate books for Teachers" Fund, Contingent Fund, 
School Hou.se Fund, or blanks, so that they can 
be used for any fund, $1.00 per book. 

District Township Blanks— 1 set — enough for one 
year— yO cents ; 1 package— 4 sets— $2.00. . 

School Treasurer's Book— $.").50. 

School Census 'Register— Of persons between, five 
and twenty-one years of age, $5.00. 

Sub-District -Record— For the use of Sub-Director, 
containing seven di.iferent forms with printed 
. .--headings, $;;.00. 

Sub-District flanks— 1 set— enough for 1 year— 30 



Blanks — For Independent 



Independent District 
■• . Districts,, $2.00. 

Superintendents' Certificates to Teachers — $1.00 
. per 100. 

Teachers' General Register .... per quire 
Sub-Director's Report to Tp. Sec'y ' " 
Poll Book of Sub-Directors' Election 

Teachers" Contract 

Secretary's Report to County Sup't 
Notices of Annual Sub-Dist. Meeting • 
Sub-Directors' Tax Certificate to Sec'y 
Sub-Directors' Certificate of Election 
Notice ot Regular Dist. Tp. Meeting 
Certificate of Election, of Town Officers " 
Township Secretary's Bonds ... 
Township Treasurer's Bonds ... 
Sec'y 's Certificate of per cent, of Tax 
President's Order on Co. Treasurer 

Township School Map 

Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, latest Eil. 
Mills & Co's New Large Scale Map of Iowa 
Mills & Co's New Large Scale Atlas of Iowa 



1.50 
TOO 
1.00 

75 



12.00 
12.00 
15.00 



cents; 1 package — 4 sets — $1.00 

Outline Maps, Globes, School Book.s of all kinds. School Libraries, etc.. School .Vpparatus, Desks, Seats, 
etc., furnished at best rates. Organs furnished to schools at lowest rates. 

School Districts designing to issue BONDS, for the purpose of building Schoo". Houses, will^Jease cor- 
respond with us, as we are iprepared to furnish engr.avedBonds at a low price. ^ f;"-..- 

The above Books and Blanks are in extensive use throughoiit the State and give general Si^^ctioa. 
They conform to the latest School Laws of the State. All' orders promptly filled and Schodf "T)istrict 
orders taken in payment. Independent Books and Blanks at same price as above. Direct all orders to 



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